A disaster is a failure of resilience to an event. Mitigating the risks that a hazard will progress into a destructive event, or increasing the resilience of a society-at-risk, requires careful analysis, planning, and execution. The Disaster Logic Model (DLM) is used to define the value (effects, costs, and outcome(s)), impacts, and benefits of interventions directed at risk reduction. A Risk-R...

OBJECTIVES This study analyzed the reduction in risk of head injuries associated with use of bicycle helmets among persons ages 3 to 70 and the cost-effectiveness of helmet use based on this estimated risk reduction. METHODS To derive our cost-effectiveness estimates, we combined injury incidence data gathered through a detailed and comprehensive injury registration system in Norway, acute me...

As Editors-in-Chief, and on behalf of our distinguished Editorial Board, we are thrilled to welcome you to this inaugural issue of Disaster Health. Disaster Health is uniquely focused on the intersection of disaster mental and behavioral health and disaster public health. In this multi-disciplinary arena, scientific advances are accelerating. Disaster Health provides a mechanism for expeditious...

We introduce the concept of an extremely negatively dependent (END) sequence of random variables with a given common marginal distribution. An END sequence has a partial sum which, subtracted by its mean, does not diverge as the number of random variables goes to infinity. We show that an END sequence always exists for any given marginal distributions with a finite mean and we provide a probabi...

Understanding why women delay seeking treatment for symptoms suggestive of an acute myocardial infarction remains elusive. Thirty individual semistructured interviews were conducted to determine black (n=10), Hispanic (n=10), and white (n=10) women's perception of heart disease risk and whether differences existed based on participant's race or ethnicity. Narrative descriptions analyzed using t...

BACKGROUND On the Zanzibar islands, United Republic of Tanzania, elimination of urogenital schistosomiasis is strived for in the coming years. This qualitative study aimed to better understand community knowledge, perceptions, and practices associated with schistosomiasis among school-aged children on Unguja and Pemba islands, in order to inform the development of behavior change interventions ...

background: calcineurin inhibitors (cni) have significantly reduced the incidence of acute rejection. nephrotoxicity however may contribute to long-term allograft dysfunction. mycophenolate mofetil (mmf) may allow cyclosporine (csa) dose reduction without increasing the risk of rejection. methods: in seventy-eight living unrelated kidney transplant patients with renal dysfunction, we studied th...

The natural disasters that occurred in Japan have caused losses both financially and terms of casualties. Based on data from the Japanese government, total experienced by country 1980 to 2010 amounted US$ 208,230,800. Meanwhile, number recorded fatalities was 8,568 people, with an average 276 per year due Japan. This study aims focus development a disaster information system reduce risk which c...

In practice, risk and uncertainty are essentially unavoidable in many regulation processes. Regulators frequently face a risk-benefit trade-off since zero risk is neither practicable nor affordable. Although it is accepted that cost–benefit analysis is important in many scenarios of risk management, what role it should play in a decision process is still controversial. One criticism of cost–ben...