OBJECTIVE This study aimed to follow the natural progression of retinal changes in patients with diabetes. Such information should inform decisions with regard to the screening intervals for such patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS An observational study was undertaken linking the data from seven diabetes retinal screening programs across the U.K. for retinal grading results between 2005 an...

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Diabetic retinopathy is a disease caused by increased permeability of retinal vessels. Its incidence and prevalence have been increasing due to urbanization, greater life expectancy and the habits of modern life. Its onset is insidious and it may lead to blindness in 75% of individuals who have been diabetic for more than 20 years. The aim here was to evaluate the evidenc...

The aim of this study was to clarify the relationship between apolipoprotein (a) (apo (a) ) phenotypes and diabetic retinopathy in elderly type 2 diabetes. Serum Lp (a) concentrations and apo (a) phenotypes were analyzed in 250 diabetic patients aged 60 to 88 years old. Apo (a) phenotypes were classified into 7 subtypes (F, B, S1, S2, S3, S4, O (Null) ) by the method SDS electrophoresis with We...

OBJECTIVE In the U.K., people with diabetes are typically screened for retinopathy annually. However, diabetic retinopathy sometimes has a slow progression rate. We developed a simulation model to predict the likely impact of screening patients with type 2 diabetes, who have not been diagnosed with diabetic retinopathy, every 2 years rather than annually. We aimed to assess whether or not such ...

OBJECTIVE Metabolic memory, in which past hyperglycemia could affect future retinopathy, is a potential issue in studying the relationship between glycemia and retinopathy. We examined retrospectively if mean "metabolic memory-free" glycosylated hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) values covering total diabetes duration could predict retinopathy in younger-onset type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). RESEARCH D...

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy among patients attending the diabetic clinics of a tertiary hospital in Nigeria. METHODOLOGY We examined the eyes of 76 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus between July 2003 and January 2004 using dilated fundoscopy at the eye clinic of the University College Hospital, Ibadan. The results were compared with published figures. ...

SCREENING FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY Diabetic retinopathy is a highly specific vascular complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of retinopathy is strongly related to the duration of diabetes. After 20 years of diabetes, nearly all patients with type 1 diabetes and >60% of patients with type 2 diabetes have some degree of retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy poses a serious th...

The pathologic mechanism of diabetic retinopathy is directly related to the underlying hyperglycemia associated with diabetes. Hyperglycemia causes non-enzymatic cross-linking collagen fibrils which contributes mechanistically tissue stiffening. However, investigations on retinopathy-associated alteration in ocular biomechanics remain scarce, especially living human eyes. Ocular rigidity classi...

Diabetic retinopathy is one of the main causes vision loss, and it can be identified through ophthalmological examinations that aim to locate presence retinal lesions such as Microaneurysms, Hemorrhages, Soft Exudates, Hard Exudates. The development computerized approaches perform instance segmentation these help in early diagnosis disease. However, instances artifacts retina a complex task due...

Diabetic retinopathy is the leading disease that occurs due to the diabetic mellitus. Several computer aided diagnosis helps ophthalmologists to diagnosis the severity of retinopathy but still the annual screening of retinal images is very important to detect diabetic retinopathy by an automatic assessment system for analyzing the images through region based method, filtering techniques, templa...