OBJECTIVES To study the systemic abnormalities associated with retinal vein occlusion in patients aged ≤50 years with a particular emphasis on atherosclerotic diseases and thrombophilic disorders. METHODS Medical charts of patients, aged ≤50 years whose diagnoses were retinal vein occlusions during the period 1995-2015 were retrospectively reviewed. The primary outcome was the number of syste...

Retinal vein occlusions (RVOs) are the second most common form of retinal vascular disease. The Beaver Dam Study estimated the 15 year cumulative incidence of RVOs at 2.3%. The predominant causes for vision loss from RVOs include macular edema and macular ischemia. Data from historic studies recommended focal macular laser only for branch vein occlusion patients with macular edema and >20/40 vi...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW New treatment modalities for branch retinal vein occlusion have recently been introduced. The role of intravitreal bevacizumab injections will be discussed and compared with laser photocoagulation and other novel intravitreal pharmacotherapies. RECENT FINDINGS Argon laser photocoagulation is the single treatment for branch retinal vein occlusion that has been shown to reduce...

INTRODUCTION Macular oedema is the main cause of visual impairment following retinal vein occlusion. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and functional outcome of pars plana vitrectomy and internal limited membrane (ILM) peeling for macular oedema secondary to retinal vein occlusion. CLINICAL PICTURE This pilot study is a prospective nonrandomised series of 11 eyes of 11 ...

Cortical spreading depolarization is a metabolically costly phenomenon that affects the brain in both health and disease. Following severe stroke, subarachnoid hemorrhage, or traumatic brain injury, cortical spreading depolarization exacerbates tissue damage and enlarges infarct volumes. It is not known, however, whether spreading depolarization also occurs in the retina in vivo. We report now ...