Reputation systems are very important in e-markets, where they help buyers to decide whether to purchase a product. Since a higher reputation often represents higher profit, malicious users may try to deceive them to increase their reputation. This may be aggravated through fear of retaliation to bad ratings or collusion of multiple users so that they can perform a fraud of high value before be...

HEXACO Agreeableness has been suggested to be the personality dimension that chiefly underlies forgiveness and retaliation, but some evidence suggests that these variables are also related to HonestyHumility. In this study, selfand peer reports of personality were collected from a sample of 198 students to examine how the HEXACO Agreeableness and Honesty-Humility factors differentially predict ...

Few theories on suicide have been grounded in the norm of reciprocity. There is literature on suicide, however, describing motivations such as retaliation and retreat which can be interpreted as modes of adaptation to the norm of reciprocity. We propose a reciprocity-based theory to explain suicides associated with relationship problems. Employing a content analysis of suicide notes, we tested ...

This paper discusses the experiences of the Office of Research Integrity (ORI) with issues involving complainants who make allegations of research misconduct. The paper describes the legal framework for complainant issues, the various roles of the complainant as the allegation of misconduct proceeds through the steps of investigation and resolution, how allegations of retaliation against the co...