Recent attempts to develop an HIV-1 vaccine indicate that viral replication can be limited by the induction of viral-specific T cell responses; however, recent trials of vaccine candidates designed to target CD8+ T cell responses were unsuccessful. In this issue, Sui and colleagues used a nonhuman primate model to investigate the effect of various vaccine adjuvants on the efficacy of SIV immuni...

Neisseria gonorrheoae is the causative agent of gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted infection responsible for major burden disease with high global prevalence. Protective immunity to often not observed in humans, possible due variability key antigens, induction blocking antibodies, or large number infections being relatively superficial and inducing strong immune response. N. gonorrhoeae strictly...