BACKGROUND Cisplatin-based induction chemotherapy may achieve a complete response (i.e., no sign of tumor following treatment) in 70%-80% of patients with germ cell tumors. However, only a minority of patients in whom the firstline regimens fail are cured with the salvage regimens. PURPOSE The aim of these studies was to identify new agents or new regimens for the treatment of germ cell tumor...

Objective: Finding the synergism effect of miconazole and sulfametoxazole on 4 species of

Appropriate physiological functioning requires optimal nutrition, which needs to be in balance to prevent potential detrimental interactions, especially when administered at pharmacological dosages. Many nutrients function in harmony to complement digestive function and assimilation. Some may hinder these processes and compete for uptake, while others may also be required in tandem to assist in...

In the 1960s, the thymus was an organ of mystery. Although it was full of lymphocytes, they made no antibodies. Furthermore, thymectomy (in mature animals) failed to produce immunological inadequacy. This situation changed when J.F.A.P. Miller did neonatal thymectomy, which was indeed followed by a syndrome including crippling of the immune response (1–3). The possible role of the thymus was th...

This study was undertaken to see if infants are more sensitive than children to a combination of atracurium and vecuronium in an equipotent dose ratio: (microgram: microgram) 5:1 in infants and 4:1 in children. We studied 15 infants (1-11 months old) and 15 children (3-10 yr old) during nitrous oxide-oxygen-alfentanil anaesthesia. Neuromuscular function was recorded by adductor pollicis EMG. An...

We have previously shown that all-trans retinoic acid (atRA), the active metabolite of vitamin A, enhances the activation of the inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS II) pathway, a component of innate immunity, in rats in vivo. We investigated the relative contribution of retinoic acid receptor-alpha (RARalpha) and retinoid X receptors (RXRs) to NOS II activation triggered by LPS. Five-day supp...

Steroid hormone receptors and Stat factors comprise two distinct families of inducible transcription factors. Activation of a member of each family, namely the glucocorticoid receptor by glucocorticoids and Stat5 by prolactin, is required for the efficient induction of the expression of milk protein genes in the mammary epithelium. We have studied the mode of interaction between Stat5 and the g...

LH and FSH play crucial roles in mammalian reproduction by mediating steroidogenesis and gametogenesis. Gonadal steroid hormones influence gonadotropin production via feedback to the hypothalamus and pituitary. We previously demonstrated that progesterone and testosterone can stimulate expression of the FSH beta-subunit gene in immortalized gonadotrope-derived LbetaT2 cells. Herein, we investig...

Novel topoisomerase I (Top1) inhibitors are in clinical development to circumvent the drawbacks of camptothecins (CPT). Here, we report molecular investigations into LMP-400, an indenoisoquinoline Top1 inhibitor in phase 1 clinical trial, by itself and in combination with the cell-cycle checkpoint inhibitor AZD7762. We examined drug effects on DNA replication and killing of cancer cells and fou...