This paper examines the allocation of productive resources within rural households of poor countries. Building upon the existing literature, it provides a consistent framework from which to study productive efficiency and intrahousehold equity. The topics discussed include returns to scale and household centralization; specialization and gender casting; separate spheres and commitment failure; ...

Studies in disturbed, resource-rich environments often show that invasive plants are more productive than co-occurring natives, but with similar physiological tradeoffs. However, in resource-limited habitats, it is unclear whether native and invasive plants have similar metabolic constraints or if invasive plants are more productive per unit resource cost - that is, use resources more efficient...

abstract water and nitrogen are the main limiting factors affecting agricultural production in arid and semiarid regions. therefore, improving the efficiency of these factors is very important. the method of fertilizer application is affecting water and fertilizer use efficiency. the objective of this study was to investigate the effect of furrow fertigation on fertilizer use efficiency (fue), ...

abstract shortage and improper distribution of rainfall in tea growing period are important growth limiting factors in tea fields in northern part of iran. if there is not any other limited factors, supplemental irrigation by sprinkler can increase tea yield. this study was carried out in order to investigate the optimum sprinkler irrigation interval on yield and water use efficiency of tea. th...

abstract due to limited water resources and occurrence of recent droughts, the use of new management and planning methods for optimal irrigation scheduling of agricultural crops is inevitable. present of appropriate mathematical and dynamic relationship between yield, evapotranspiration and water use efficiency parameters is the first and most important step in the optimal management of irrigat...

in the present study, the energetic and economic modeling of lentil and chickpea production in esfahan province of iran was conducted using adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (anfis) and linear regression. data were taken by interviewing and visiting of 140 lentil farms and 110 chickpea farms during 2014-2015 production period. the results showed that the yield and total energy consumption w...

some factors affecting crude protein balance (cpb), as a measure of efficiency, were studied using 2824 records of 501 lactating holstein cows. the cpb (kg d-1) was calculated as crude protein (cp) intake (kg) minus cp yield (kg). two different statistical methods including principal components (pcs) and general linear model analyses were used to study the effects of different factors. crude pr...

degraded soils in northwest china are mostly nonproductive due to imbalanced nutrient and inadequate water supply. the effects of manure application at three different rates (7.5, 15.0, and 22.5 t ha–1) combined with chemical fertilizers on soil water and water-use efficiency in maize [compared with chemical fertilizers (control)], under semi-arid conditions in dark loessial soil and over a per...

this research was conducted at the shahrood agricultural research center in 1382 and 1383 to study the effect of alternate furrow irrigation on potato yield and its economic evaluation. the experimental design was a randomize complete block design and the treatments were: every furrow irrigation (efi), fixed alternate furrow irrigation (fafi), variable alternate furrow irrigation (vafi), fixed ...

the technical efficiency involved in cocoa production in cross river state was estimated using the stochastic frontier production function analysis. the effects of some selected socio- economic characteristics of the farmers on the efficiency indices were also estimated. the study relied upon primary data generated from interviewing cocoa farmers using a set of structured questionnaire. a multi...