Abstract Promoting the development of energy communities is one planned areas mentioned in Latvian National Energy and Climate Plan (NECP). Even though do not yet exist Latvia, they could improve quality environment stimulate local economy. In any case, it expected that structure household consumption Latvia will change as households start to adopt new technologies such electric cars heat pumps...

BACKGROUND More than 10 % (approximately 60,000) of the adult population in Styria, a federal state in the south of Austria, is granted a residential stay in a health resort each year. The target group for these stays is the general population aged between 30 and 65 years with minor symptoms such as risk factors for cardio-metabolic diseases. Stays are financed by health insurance companies and...

Urban remote sensing research and approaches to modelling residential mobility focus predominantly on growth patterns. In this paper, the phenomenon of extreme urban decline, named ‘shrinkage’, is scrutinised. The different characteristics of urban decline are illuminated using a multi-scale approach. Selected patterns of the spatial growth and shrinkage are first calculated by means of satelli...

OBJECTIVES Evidence on the association between the adverse socioeconomic characteristics of residential area and mortality is mixed. We examined whether the choice of spatial unit is critical in detecting this association. DESIGN Register-linkage study. SETTING Data were from the Finnish Public Sector study's register cohort. PARTICIPANTS The place of residence of 146 600 cohort participa...

In most developing countries policies and frameworks that govern solid waste management strategies have often been directed at the waste management service providers and less attention is often given to the demand side of the problem. This paper reports a study regarding householders’ willingness to pay for improved residential solid waste management. The data for the study originated from a co...

The paper discusses the Russian power sector reform plan, approved by the government in July 2001, which outlines the framework for competition and changes in ownership structure. The paper focuses on the following issues related to the plan: restructuring of regional energos and large generating companies; restructuring of transmission and system operation; the mechanism for introducing compet...