Rats with retrograde proteus pyelonephritis were treated with antibiotics until their kidneys became sterile. Using fluorescent antibody techniques, specific P. mirabilis antigen was found in some sterile pyelonephritic kidneys 20 weeks after cessation of treatment and presumed renal sterilization. Persistent antigen was associated with interstitial chronic inflammation but not with acute infla...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from urinary bladder to the ureter and the kidney. It can be asymptomatic and resolve itself or be associated with urinary tract infections (UTI), leading to pyelonephritis and nephropathy, which may lead to the complications of renal scarring, renal insufficiency, and hypertension. Treatment is guided by grade of reflux and age of the...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the most common underlying etiology responsible for febrile urinary tract infections (UTIs) or pyelonephritis in children. Along with the morbidity of pyelonephritis, long-term sequelae of recurrent renal infections include renal scarring, proteinuria, and hypertension. Treatment is directed toward the prevention of recurrent infection through use of continuous an...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from urinary bladder to the ureter and the kidney. It can be asymptomatic and resolve itself or be associated with urinary tract infections (UTI), leading to pyelonephritis and nephropathy, which may lead to the complications of renal scarring, renal insufficiency, and hypertension. Treatment is guided by grade of reflux and age of the...

Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is the retrograde flow of urine from urinary bladder to the ureter and the kidney. It can be asymptomatic and resolve itself or be associated with urinary tract infections (UTI), leading to pyelonephritis and nephropathy, which may lead to the complications of renal scarring, renal insufficiency, and hypertension. Treatment is guided by grade of reflux and age of the...