Preexisting CKD may affect the severity of and/or recovery from AKI. We assessed the impact of prior graded normotensive renal mass reduction on ischemia-reperfusion-induced AKI. Rats underwent 40 minutes of ischemia 2 weeks after right uninephrectomy and surgical excision of both poles of the left kidney (75% reduction of renal mass), right uninephrectomy (50% reduction of renal mass), or sham...

The effects of enhanced endogenous production of prostaglandins by the kidney on the distribution of blood flow in the renal cortex were assessed by infusing sodium arachidonate, the precursor of the renal prostaglandins, into one renal artery of the dog. The changes produced with arachidonate (3 x 10~ g/kg min" and 10" g/kg min") were compared with those produced by infusions of prostaglandin ...

Observations were made on eight normotensive subjects and on 12 patients with essential hypertension to determine whether the intrarenal distribution of blood flow is altered in essential hypertension. Dye-dilution curves were recorded across the renal vascular bed and a set of integral transformations, developed by Gomez, was used to determine distribution of blood flow per unit renal blood vo...

Hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation by larval form of Echinococcus granulosus. Isolated renal involvement is extremely rare. There are no specific signs and symptoms of renal hydatidosis. However it may present as palpable mass, flank pain, hematuria, malaise, fever, and hydatiduria or as a complication of it such as infection, abscess, hemorrhage, necrosis and pelviureteric junction obs...

Electrical stimulation of the dorsolateral pons for 5-minute periods in anesthetized cats produced a rise in blood pressure of 40%, a reduction in renal blood flow of 28%, and an increase in the rate of renin release (the product of renal plasma flow and the venoarterial difference of plasma renin activity) of more than 100% in intact kidneys. Comparison of an intact kidney with the contralater...

BACKGROUND Extracellular superoxide dismutase (ECSOD) protects nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability by decreasing superoxide levels and preventing peroxynitrite generation, which is important in maintaining renal blood flow and in preventing acute kidney injury. However, the profile of ECSOD expression after sepsis is not fully understood. Therefore, we intended to evaluate the content and gene ex...

An investigation was undertaken in pentobarbitone-anaesthetized rats to determine the sub-type of alpha-adrenoceptor responsible for the renal nerve-induced increases in the reabsorption of calcium and sodium by the tubules of the kidney. Stimulation of the renal nerves at low frequencies (0.8-1.5 Hz) did not change either renal blood flow or glomerular filtration rate but significantly reduced...

In this study, pulsatile and nonpulsatile assisted circulation were compared to evaluate renal circulation under complete artificial circulation. In addition, differences were also compared between animals supported by high (assist rate 80%)- and low (assist rate 60%)-level artificial circulation. Using 20 pigs, ventricular fibrillation was induced after cardiogenic shock, assist by mechanical ...

The single-phase flow and thermal performance of a double pipe heat exchanger are examined by experimental methods. The working fluid is water at atmospheric pressure. Temperature measurements at the inlet and outlet of the two streams and also at an intermediate point half way between the inlet and outlet is made, using copper-constantan thermocouple wires. Mass flow rates for each stream are ...