BACKGROUND The difference between renal oncocytomas (RO) and renal clear cell carcinomas (RCCs) presents the greatest diagnostic challenge. The aim of this study was to retrospectively determine if RO and RCCs could be differentiated on computed tomography (CT) images on the basis of their enhancement patterns with a new enhancement correcting method. METHODS Forty-six patients with a solitar...

BACKGROUND Structural abnormality of the substantia nigra can be detected by transcranial sonography in neuropsychiatric disorders such as Parkinson disease and restless legs syndrome. We investigated echogenicity of the substantia nigra as a potential structural marker for dysfunction of the nigrostriatal dopamine system in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). METHO...

BACKGROUND Virtual touch tissue quantification (VTTQ) provides numerical measurements (shear wave velocity (SWV) values) of tissue stiffness. OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to describe the SWV values of the kidney by VTTQ and to examine the clinical usefulness of this procedure in the evaluation of elasticity changes in the kidneys of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). PA...

1. In incubated tubule fragments from renal cortex of fed rats gluconeogenesis from pyruvate was stimulated by adrenaline (1 pM optimum) and by the selective a-adrenergic agonists oxymetazoline and amidephrine. The selective fi-agonists isoproterenol and salbutamol were ineffective at concentrations up to 10pM. 2. Stimulation of gluconeogenesis by 1IpM-adrenaline was almost completely blocked b...

background there are several studies in the literature investigating factors which can induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld) in different populations. however, the existing literature lacks powerful studies addressing the factors which may predict the severity of nafld. objectives in the current study, we aimed to evaluate factors independently associated with liver echogenicity in a...

Recent studies have shown that asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, is increased in hypertension and chronic kidney disease. However, little is known about the effects of hypertension per se on ADMA metabolism. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that ANG II-induced hypertension, in the absence of renal injury, is associated with increased oxid...

BACKGROUND Increased intraabdominal pressure (IPA) during laparoscopy has been associated with decreased urine output. The purpose of this study was to use a noninvasive MRI technique to measure renal vessel flow velocity and change in differential renal medulla and cortex perfusion during pneumoperitoneum. STUDY DESIGN Six female farm pigs underwent general endotracheal anesthesia and dynami...

We addressed if oxidative stress in the renal cortex plays a role in the induction of hypertension and mitochondrial alterations in hyperuricemia. A second objective was to evaluate whether the long-term treatment with the antioxidant Tempol prevents renal oxidative stress, mitochondrial alterations, and systemic hypertension in this model. Long-term (11-12 weeks) and short-term (3 weeks) effec...

AIM Mechanisms that initiate compensatory renal growth following unilateral nephrectomy are incompletely understood. An early event following unilateral nephrectomy is the activation of phospholipase C in the apical membrane of the proximal tubule, mediated by an unknown agonist. We tested the hypothesis that endothelin is responsible for the stimulation of phospholipase C in rat proximal tubul...