Eperisone hydrochloride (4'-ethyl-2-methyl-3-piperidinopropiophenone hydrochloride) is an antispastic agent used for treatment of diseases characterized by muscle stiffness and pain. The aim of this research was to investigate the efficacy of eperisone in patients with acute low back pain and spasticity of spinal muscles. The study design was a randomized, double-blind (double-dummy) study in 1...

The vascular effects of dietary vitamin E were investigated in isolated carotid artery preparations from cholesterol-fed New Zealand White rabbits. Rabbits were fed either a control, 1% cholesterol, or 1% cholesterol plus 0.2% vitamin E diet for 4 weeks. In raised-tone preparations, relaxant responses to acetylcholine were enhanced in rabbits fed cholesterol plus vitamin E, reversing the reduct...

Temporomandibulardisordercharacterizes a varied group of pathologies affecting temporomandibularjoints, masticatory muscles, or both.The treatment temporomandibular disorders is major challenge because its causes and structures involved also the functioning one joint always dependent on other. Transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation non-pharmacological method pain control recently it gaining ...

Background Signaling by intracellular cGMP and cGMP-dependent protein kinase I (cGKI) is the major pathway in vascular smooth muscle, by which endothelial NO regulates vascular tone. The most important targets of cGKI include the myosin-interacting subunit of myosin phosphatase 1, the regulator of G-protein signaling 2, the inositol receptor associated cGKI-substrate, and the BK channel. Recent...

BACKGROUND Nanotechnology has potential future for enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing the unwanted effects of herbal drugs. The biological research on Euphorbia species has been supported by the use of some plants in traditional medicines. Many species of Euphorbia have been reported as having strong sedative and analgesic effects. In the present research work gold nanoparticles of Eup...

It has been suggested that papaverine relaxes the smooth muscle through inhibition of cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) and subsequent accumulation of cellular cyclic AMP (1-4). On the other hand, our previous study indicated that the relaxant effect of papaverine on the smooth muscle is partially due to a mechanism which is only activated in the presence of external sodium ion (5). Therefore,...

Background Flupirtine is a centrally acting, non-opioid analgesic with muscle relaxant and neuroprotective properties. Although routinely used in the clinic, its mechanism of action remained poorly understood; it had been suggested to antagonize NMDA receptors and to activate G proteincoupled inward rectifier (GIRK) and KCNQ K+ channels. Since spinal GABAA receptors are involved in pain sensati...

Long-acting muscarinic antagonists (LAMAs) and short-acting β₂-adrenoceptor agonists (SABAs) play important roles in remedy for COPD. To propel a translational research for development of bronchodilator therapy, synergistic effects between SABAs with LAMAs were examined focused on Ca2+ signaling using simultaneous records of isometric tension and F340/F380 in fura-2-loaded tracheal smooth muscl...

This investigation was aimed to provide a pharmacologic basis to the medicinal use of Acorus calamus in cardiovascular disorders. In normotensive anesthetized rats, crude extract of Acorus calamus and its ethylacetate and nHexane fractions caused a fall in mean arterial pressure. In rabbit aorta rings, crude extract was more potent against high K (80 mM), ethylacetate against phenylephrine (1 m...