In this article we present a framework based on Situation Theory which models the Query by Navigation process in a Hypertext environment. Descriptors in the Hyperindex are transformed to so-called infons. Documents in the Hyperbase are represented as situations, which can support infons. Similarly, search paths are modeled as a number of followed information links between the infons expressing ...

Consider the problem of allocating objects to agents and how much they should pay. Each agent has a preference relation over pairs of a set of objects and a payment. Preferences are not necessarily quasi-linear. Non-quasi-linear preferences describe environments where payments influence agents’ abilities to utilize objects. This paper is to investigate the possibility of designing efficient and...

Intuitionistic fuzzy sets theory which is the generalisation of fuzzy sets theory is more suitable tool for dealing with imprecise information. The information provided by the decision maker is imprecise in many situations. So, intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation is a suitable tool for such cases. The estimation of the priority vector of the intuitionistic fuzzy preference relation is an i...

In order to avoid the paradoxes of standard deontic logic, we have to give up the semantic construction that identifies obligatory status with presence in all elements of a subset of the set of possible worlds. It is proposed that deontic logic should instead be based on a preference relation, according to the principle that whatever is better than something permitted is itself permitted. Close...

If a decision maker, in a world of uncertainty a la Anscombe and Aumann (1963), can choose acts according to some objective probability distribution (by throwing dice for instance) from any given set of acts, then there is no set of acts that allows an experimenter to test more than the Axiom of EUOL (that the DM evaluates objective lotteries with an expected utility function). In fact there is...

This paper presents a new statistical Japanese dependency parser which models a relative preference of dependency. Most conventional Japanese dependency parsers are based on binary classifications where all possible pairs of segments are classified into positive (dependent) or negative (non-dependent) examples. However, such methods are not suitable for dependency parsing, since the goal of thi...

We compared results obtained in two previous studies on reinforcer identification (Fisher et al., 1992; Pace, Ivancic, Edwards, Iwata, & Page, 1985) by combining methodologies from both studies. Eight individuals with mental retardation participated. During Phase 1, two preference assessments were conducted, one in which stimuli were presented singly (SS method) and one in which stimuli were pr...

The desire for male children is prevalent in India, where son preference has been shown to affect fertility behavior and intrahousehold allocation of resources. Economic theory predicts less gender discrimination in wealthier households, but demographers and sociologists have argued that wealth can exacerbate bias in the Indian context. I argue that these apparently conflicting theories can be ...

Defeat between arguments is established by a combination of two basic elements: a conflict or defeat relation, and a preference relation on the arguments involved in this conflict. We present a new abstract framework for argumentation where two kinds of defeat are present, depending on the outcome of the preference relation: an argument may be a proper defeater or a blocking defeater of another...

Within the context of multi-agent systems, an agent may often ̄nd itself in a position where it receives information through informants. These informants are independent agents who have their own interests and, therefore, are not necessarily completely reliable. It is natural for an agent to be more inclined to believe one informant over another, especially if the informant has proven itself re...