Treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis patients has evolved very slowly; the fundamental approach of corticosteroids alone or in combination with other immunosuppressive agents has had little impact on long-term survival. The continued use of corticosteroids is justified because of the lack of a more effective alternative. Current research indicates that the mechanisms driving idiopathic pu...

In his critique of contemporary morphometry, Blackstone (1987) asserts that the conceptual, pattern-oriented framework of allometry ignores developmental processes and is therefore inappropriate for studies in evolutionary morphology. His intent is to emphasize the limitations of allometric studies in the understanding of evolutionary processes. In doing so, however, Blackstone focuses on a des...

In classical growth analysis, relative growth rate (RGR) is calculated as RGR = (ln W2 - ln W1)/(t2 - t1), where W1 and W2 are plant dry weights at times t1 and t2. Since RGR is usually calculated using destructive harvests of several individuals, an obvious approach is to substitute W1 and W2 with sample means W1 and W2. Here we demonstrate that this approach yields a biased estimate of RGR wh...

A split-split-plot design with three replications in two years of 2009 and 2010 was conducted to investigate the effect of different levels of irrigation water (main plot), salinity of irrigation water (sub-plot) and nitrogen fertilizer rate (sub-subplot) on maize growth rate and gas exchange. Irrigation treatments were I1 (1.0 crop evapotranspiration (ETc)+0.25ETc as leaching), I2 (0.75I1)...

The purpose of this study was to quantify the levels growth factors (PDGF‐ AB, VEGF, IGF‐1, TGF‐β1) within bone samples at the fusion site of diabetic patients undergoing hindfoot fusion to determine any correlation with successful fusion. Methods The study included 10 adult diabetic subjects from one U.S. center, with an average age of 57.9 years (range 49‐71). Interventions included hindfoot ...

This paper examines empirically the relationship between the relative price of capital and the rate of economic growth. In the results. machinery appears to bc the most important component of capital: when the relative price of machinery and the relative price of nonmachinery are included in a Barro ( 199 1) growth regression, a strong negative relationship between growth and the machinery pric...

IT has been suggested (Huxley, 1927; Shaw, 1928) that in various animals, such as some Crustacea which show disharmonic growth, there exist growth centres correlated with the active growth of specific organs or regions. Also that the growth of neighbouring parts is correlated with the growth of the heterogonic organ. In Maia squinado (Huxley, 1927) and Inachus dorsettensis (Shaw, 1928) the grow...

Relative growth is often used as a phenotypic measure to distinguish mutant and wild-type yeast or bacterial strains. Differential growth as a function of temperature is a convenient and accurate means of analyzing differences between strains. Slight differences in the genotypes of two strains frequently result in differential growth of the two strains as a function of temperature. We have deve...

Forest planners in British Columbia are required to identify forests suitable for designation as Old-Growth Management Areas. However, the tools currently in use lack the ability to identify appropriate stands. In 2000, we examined the ecological attributes of older forest in the Robson Valley Forest District in eastcentral British Columbia. The purpose was to determine the old-growth habitat v...

OBJECTIVE To assess the effect of exposure to chlorination byproducts during pregnancy on foetal growth and duration of pregnancy. METHODS A population based study was conducted of 137,145 Norwegian children born alive in 1993--5. Information was obtained from the Norwegian medical birth registry, waterwork registry, and social science data service. The outcomes of interest were birth weight,...