Young children have long been known to act selfishly and gradually appear to become more generous across middle childhood. While this apparent change has been well documented, the underlying mechanisms supporting this remain unclear. The current study examined the role of early theory of mind and executive functioning in facilitating sharing in a large sample (N = 98) of preschoolers. Results r...

Research suggests that high levels of interpersonal power can promote enhanced executive functioning capabilities. The present work explored whether this effect is contingent upon expectancies concerning power's downstream cognitive consequences. Study 1 showed that social dominance orientation (SDO) predicted idiosyncratic expectancies of mental energy change toward interpersonal power. Study ...

The present study examined the developmental trajectories of motor planning and executive functioning in children. To this end, we tested 217 participants with three motor tasks, measuring anticipatory planning abilities (i.e., the bar-transport-task, the sword-rotation-task and the grasp-height-task), and three cognitive tasks, measuring executive functions (i.e., the Tower-of-Hanoi-task, the ...

The current paper proposes the Dysexecutive Luck hypothesis; that beliefs in being unlucky are associated with deficits in executive functioning. Four studies suggest initial support for the Dysexecutive Luck hypothesis via four aspects of executive functioning. Study 1 established that self-reports of dysexecutive symptoms predicted unique variance in beliefs in being unlucky after controlling...

background and aims: the world health organization and united nations children’s fund (unicef) recommended executive breastfeeding for 6 months after birth. the purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of executive breastfeeding in iran by a meta-analysis study to be used by policy-makers in order to health programmer plan in this field. methods: in this meta-analysis study, the da...

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a neuro-developmental disorder which was diagnosed by three features including: attention deficit, hyperactivity and impulsivity. This study aimed to determine the effect of executive function training based on daily life on reducing symptoms and improving adaptive skills in children with ADHD. 16 children aged 7-10 years old with ADHD were sel...

this study was conducted to examine the obstacles of performing suggestion system at executive organizations of zanjan province,iran, in order to recognize the problematic areas. to this end, executive organizations were divided into two groups on the basis of performing given suggestions: successful and unsuccessful groups . from each group,  four organizations were studied. similarly, perform...

the aim of this study was to examine posttraumatic stress disorder (ptsd) symptoms, autobiographical remembering and executive control in individuals with hiv and in those of carers with hiv. for different groups of subjects including (1) people with hiv (n = 30), healthy controls 1 (n = 27), carers of those with hiv (n=26), and healthy controls 2 (n= 26) participated in the study. all subjects...

Executive functions (EF) such as self-monitoring, planning, and organizing are known to develop through childhood and adolescence. They are of potential importance for learning and school performance. Earlier research into the relation between EF and school performance did not provide clear results possibly because confounding factors such as educational track, boy-girl differences, and parenta...