Objective(s): Regulatory T cells, including CD4+CD25+Fox3+ and CD8+CD28- cells play an important role in regulating the balance between immunity and tolerance. Since multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory autoimmune disease, regulatory T cells are considered to be involved in its pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the circulatory numbers of the two mentioned types of regulatory T cells...

Transcriptional regulatory networks describe regulatory relationships between transcription factors and target genes and constitute the core information processing machinery of a cell. Efforts of the modENCODE consortium have generated massive amounts of ChIP binding, expression, and chromatin datasets that capture different parts of the regulation machinery of the fly, Drosophila melanogaster....

Biology presents incomparable, but desirable, characteristics compared to engineered systems. Inspired by biological development, we have devised a multi-layered design architecture that attempts to capture the favourable characteristics of biological mechanisms for application to design problems. We have identified and implemented essential features of Genetic Regulatory Networks (GRNs) and ce...

This chapter addresses the problem of building normative multi-agent systems in terms of regulatory mechanisms. It describes a static conceptual model through which one can specify normative multi-agent systems along with a dynamic model to capture their operation and evolution. The chapter proposes a typology of applications and presents some open problems. In the last section, the authors exp...

background: it seems that the success of vaccination for cancer immunotherapy such as dendritic cell (dc) based cancer vaccine is hindered through a powerful network of immune system suppressive elements in which regulatory t cell is the common factor. foxp3 transcription factor is the most specific marker of regulatory t cells. in different studies, targeting an immune response against regulat...

Geographic Information Systems (GIS) offer the ability to capture and process large amounts of spatial data, integral to the success of utility companies. Rising competition due to privatization and globalization, as well as the increasing pace of digitization and technology adoption, have driven utility providers to focus on low-cost uninterrupted customer service. A holistic revamp of the GIS...

The internet has transformed the manner of conducting commercial transactions and has created regulatory gaps. These regulatory gaps may impact the effective development of electronic commerce. Attempts are being made to regulate electronic contracts both at the national and international level. The present research analyses these attempts, in particular the Electronic Transaction Legislation ...

the sulfur regulatory circuit of the filamentous fungus, neurospora crassa, consists of a set of unlinked structural genes which encode sulfur catabolic and two major regulatory genes which govern their expression. the cys-3 regulatory gene encode a transacting regulatory protein which activates the expression of cys-14 and ars, whereas the other regulatory genes scon-l and scon-2 appear to act...

RATIONALE Treatment of sinus node disease with regenerative or cell-based therapies will require a detailed understanding of gene regulatory networks in cardiac pacemaker cells (PCs). OBJECTIVE To characterize the transcriptome of PCs using RNA sequencing and to identify transcriptional networks responsible for PC gene expression. METHODS AND RESULTS We used laser capture microdissection on...

A revised plan for the 2000 Decennial Census was announced in a 24 February 1999 Bureau of the Census publication 99 and a press statement b y K. Prewitt, Director of the Bureau of the Census 39. Census 2000 will include counts and adjusted" counts. The adjustments involve complicated procedures and calculations on data from a sample of blocks, extrapolated throughout the country to demographic...