Tropospheric radio wave signals experience loss due to multipath effect, scattering and other forms of attenuation through the atmospheric medium, primarily variations in weather conditions with time. The knowledge surface refractivity profile is important for optimal planning Very High Frequency/Ultra Frequency (VHF/UHF) terrestrial links a region. study (Ns) over North-Central Nigeria was car...

Radio occultation (RO) is a new technique to observe the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), a region that reacts particularly sensitive to climate change. Featuring characteristics such as long-term stability, SI traceability, all-weather capability, global coverage, and high accuracy and vertical resolution, RO data fulfill the requirements for climate monitoring in the UTLS. How...