Anemia in beta-thalassemia is caused by a combination of ineffective erythropoiesis and premature hemolysis of RBC in the peripheral circulation. Excess of the alpha-globin chain present in beta-thalassemic RBC is mainly responsible for oxidative damage of erythrocyte membrane protein. The activities of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutat...

OBJECTIVE To explain the role of oxidative stress in the pathology of celiac disease. DESIGN AND METHODS The activities of antioxidant enzymes and the levels of glutathione and lipid hydroperoxides were measured in the samples of small intestinal biopsies from 39 children with different forms of the disease and in 19 control subjects. RESULTS The activities of analyzed enzymes varied signif...

A comparative study of the activity of caspase-1 and caspase-3, the glutathione antioxidant system and NADPH-generating enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase) and a study of DNA fragmentation in the blood serum of patients with chronic alcoholic hepatitis during basic treatment and combination therapy including melaxen have been carried out. It was found t...

In Escherichia coli, the glutathione/glutaredoxin and thioredoxin pathways are essential for the reduction of cytoplasmic protein disulfide bonds, including those formed in the essential enzyme ribonucleotide reductase during its action on substrates. Double mutants lacking thioredoxin reductase (trxB) and glutathione reductase (gor) or glutathione biosynthesis (gshA) cannot grow. Growth of Del...

In most cells, the major intracellular redox buffer is glutathione (GSH) and its disulfide-oxidized (GSSG) form. The GSH/GSSG system maintains the intracellular redox balance and the essential thiol status of proteins by thiol disulfide exchange. Topoisomerases are thiol proteins and are a target of thiol-reactive substances. In this study, the inhibitory effect of physiological concentration o...

Reduced glutathione (GSH) is reported to diminish cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity, and it was for this reason that we studied GSH in an animal model of cisplatin neuropathy. The neuropathy was evaluated by measuring the sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV) in young adult Wistar rats. GSH injections (i.v.) were given twice weekly, within five minutes before cisplatin was injected (i.p.). In ...

The effect of reduced glutathione (GSH) on acute myocardial toxicity due to doxorubicin (DXR) was investigated. At 20 mg/kg i.p. DXR was 100% lethal to BALB/c x DBA/2 F, mice. At 500 or 1000 mg/kg i.p. GSH significantly decreased the lethality (P < 0.01). Electron micro graphs of the myocardium from DXR-treated mice showed narrowing of myofibrils, edematous cytoplasm, and mitochondria! swelling...

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common cause of chronic and recurrent lung infections in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) whose sputa contain copious quantities of P. aeruginosa toxin, pyocyanin. Pyocyanin triggers tissue damage mainly by its redox cycling and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The reactions between reduced glutathione (GSH) and pyocyanin were observed using absor...