background: medical x-rays are the largest man-made source of public exposure to ionizing radiation. it is important to avoid conditions where the amount of radiation used is more than that needed for the procedure. materials and methods: the entrance skin exposure (ese) measurement was conducted for quality control of x-ray machines and survey of operator’s experimental techniques. the eses we...

abstract   background: while the benefits of computed tomography (ct) are well known in accurate diagnosis, those benefits are not risk free. ct is a device with higher patient dose in comparison with other conventional radiological procedures. is the reduction of exposures by requiring optimization of ct procedures [a principle concern in radiological protection]? in this study, the radiation ...

background: this study assessed the clinical usefulness of the solid phantom, which may compensate for the disadvantages of the water phantom, by comparing the radiological doses between the two depending on their depths. materials and methods: the experimental equipment used was a linear accelerator for medical use, water phantom, solid phantom, farmer type ion chamber and electrometer. the di...

introduction natural and artificial radionuclides are the main sources of human radiation exposure. these radionuclides, which are present in the environment, can be dissolved into water. evidence suggests that radionuclides being entered the human body through drinking or hot spring water can be harmful for human health. materials and methods in this study,10 samples were collected from ground...

To clarify the role of the nutria Myocastor coypus in the epidemiology of domestic fasciolosis in Loire-Atlantique (department of western France), 438 nutrias were trapped in 9 humid areas of the department and 304 nutrias were trapped in 3 farms where Fasciola hepatica was present; all animals were necropsied. Liver flukes were found in 160 nutrias: 38 nutrias randomly taken in the department ...

Introduction Radiation exposures from diagnostic medical examinations are generally low and are almost always justified by the benefits of accurate diagnosis of possible disease conditions. Therefore, entrance skin dose (ESD), body organ dose (BOD), and effective dose (ED) from adult patients undergoing routine thorax posterior-anterior (PA) and thorax right lateral (RLAT) were estimated in Uni...

Introduction: Esophageal cancer is one of the most frequently occurring cancers in Iran and having a  high  incidence  rate  among  other  countries.  Radiotherapy  is  one  of  the  three  methods  (surgery,  radiotherapy and chemotherapy) for radical or palliative treatment of esophageal cancer. In this method  of treatment, the organs such as heart and spinal cord are regarded as organs at r...

The cortical regions dorsally adjacent to the posterior rhinal sulcus in the rat can be divided into a rostral region, the perirhinal cortex, which shares features of the monkey perirhinal cortex, and a caudal region, the postrhinal cortex, which has connectional attributes similar to the monkey parahippocampal cortex. We examined the connectivity among the rat perirhinal (areas 35 and 36), pos...

Background: During interventional cardiology processes, patients especially women and children receive high radiation doses due to their sensitivity.Objective: In this study, we evaluated a pediatric patient dose separately in those undergone intervention cardiac procedure. Material and Methods: In this cross sectional study, a public hospital with 252 patients, Entrance Skin Dose (...