Since the beginning of Europe’s “refugee crisis,” Pope Francis has repeatedly argued that we should welcome refugees. This, he said, is an obligation for Christians who have “a duty justice, civility, and solidarity.” This religious justification a problem liberal political philosophers are committed to idea public reason: state action, they argue, must be justified all citizens based on public...

When dealing with nearly decomposable problems such as those described by Simon (1973), the problem components may be worked on by different problem solvers that are spatially and temporally separated, with each problem solver constrained by assumptions it makes about the activities and choices of other problem solvers, that is by partial knowledge of the global problem. There are advantages to...

In this article the author reviews interrelationship between faith and reason in steps of John Paul II’s Encyclical Letter Fides et ratio. He explores briefly historical circumstances following Etienne Gilson. Then, he introduces philosophical theological considerations Cornelio Fabro to do theology footsteps Aquinas. From perspective Thomism Italian philosopher by recalling most urgent tasks f...

Efficient qualitative simulators are crucial to continued progress in qualitative physics . Assumption-based truth maintenance systems (ATMS) were developed in part to simplify writin g such programs. This paper identifies several abstractions for organizing ATMS-based problem solvers which are especially useful for envisioning . In particular, we describe the many-world s database, which avoid...