The discovery of unidirectional, ATP-dependent canalicular transport systems (also termed "export pumps") for bile salts, amphiphilic anionic conjugates, lipophilic cations, and phospholipids has opened new opportunities for understanding biliary physiology and the pathophysiology of cholestasis. In addition, ATP-independent canalicular transport systems for glutathione and bicarbonate contribu...

The feasibility and reproducibility of liver stiffness measurements using Supersonic Shear-wave Imaging (SSI) in preterm neonate have not been reported. Our aim was to determine if liver stiffness differs between intra-uterine growth restriction (IUGR) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) preterm infants with/without cholestasis. We measured liver stiffness (in kPa) in 45 AGA and 18 IUGR p...

Intrahepatic cholestasis is a kind of clinical syndrome along with hepatotoxicity which caused by intrahepatic and systemic accumulations of bile acid. There are several crucial generating factors of the pathogenesis of cholestasis, such as inflammation, dysregulation of bile acid transporters and oxidative stress. SIRT1 is regarded as a class III histone deacetylase (HDAC). According to a set ...

BACKGROUND The standard model for research in cholestasis is the total ligation of the bile duct (tBDL). Because this model causes severe hepatic injury in mice, we developed a novel model of cholestasis using a partial bile duct ligation (pBDL) and evaluate different mechanisms of injury. METHODS Male C57Bl/6 mice were subjected to sham operation, tBDL, or pBDL. Blood from tail veins was tak...

Inhibition of the bile salt export pump (BSEP) has been recognized as a key factor in the development of drug-induced cholestasis (DIC). The risk of DIC in humans has been previously assessed using in vitro BSEP inhibition data (IC50) and unbound systemic drug exposure under assumption of the "free drug hypothesis." This concept, however, is unlikely valid, as unbound intrahepatic drug concentr...

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent malignant brain tumor in adults. Its established first-line adjuvant treatment is radiotherapy in combination with temozolomide (TZM). Hematotoxicity is listed as a frequent adverse drug reaction in the US prescribing information and hepatotoxicity has been reported infrequently in the postmarketing period. We here present the case of a patient...

discussion the cholecystojejunocolic anastomosis with intussuscepted valve surgery could be considered as a forthcoming approach in the treatment of intrahepatic cholestasis. case presentation an 11-year-old girl with the diagnosis of pfic underwent cholecystoappendicostomy with myotomy operation. because of anastomosis stricture, she was reoperated with cholecystojejunocolic anastomosis and in...

A 33 year old woman with recurrent Salmonella enteritidis sepsis is described. Penicillins, ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and chloramphenicol could not eradicate the salmonellas but a combination of high dose ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone for the eighth episode successfully cured the infection. The combination of ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone may be a valuable therapeutic regimen in patients with...

of liver plasma membrane constituents are altered in cholestasis. Severe and mild cholestasis were produced by 5 days of bile duct ligation and ethinyl estradiol administration, respectively. Bile duct ligation but not ethinyl estradiol treatments was associated with elevations of the serum bilirubin level and 5'-nucleotidase activity. However, basal bile flow and bilirubin transport maximum (T...