PURPOSE To compare the fits of normal-tissue complication probability (NTCP) models based on rectal dose-wall histograms (DWHs) vs. dose-volume histograms (DVHs) when the two are used to analyze a common set of late rectal toxicity data. METHODS AND MATERIALS Data were analyzed from 128 prostate cancer patients treated with 3-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) at The University of Te...

BACKGROUND Associations between colon and rectal cancer and intakes of vegetables, other plant foods, and fiber have stimulated much debate. OBJECTIVE We examined the association between rectal cancer and plant food and fiber intakes. DESIGN Data from 952 incident cases of rectal cancer were compared with data from 1205 population-based controls living in Utah or enrolled in the Kaiser Perm...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The patients with rectal prolapse suffer from not only a prolapse rectum but also associated dysfunction. However, most surgical techniques are successful regarding the prolapse, but either do not solve or even worsen defecation dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional and physiological results after surgical correction in patients with rectal pro...

Gastric electrical stimulation (GES) has been shown to alter motor and sensory functions of the stomach. However, its effects on other organs of the gut have rarely been investigated. The study was performed in 12 dogs implanted with two pairs of electrodes, one on the serosa of the stomach and the other on the colon. The study was composed of two experiments. Experiment 1 was designed to study...

Distention of the proximal colon may have inhibitory or excitatory effects on the rectum and vice versa. The reflexes between the proximal colon and the rectum have not been well studied due to difficulties in accessing the proximal colon. The aim of this study was to investigate the reflex responses and their mechanisms between the proximal colon and the rectum in consideration of distention-r...

PURPOSE A careful preoperative selection of patients was performed in order to identify those eligible for stapled transanal rectal resection to correct obstructed defecation syndrome. The aim was to assess the consequences of surgery on anorectal function and patient outcomes. METHODS From January 2004 to June 2007, 33 female patients (median age, 56.3 years; range, 27-77 years) eligible for...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of systemic temperature on myocardial protection during extracorporeal circulation, we quantitatively evaluated the relationship between myocardial oxygen consumption and rectal temperature. MATERIALS AND METHODS Myocardial oxygen consumption during cardiac arrest was calculated via blood gas analysis of venous blood samples collected from the coronary sinus. ...

INTRODUCTION Rectal cancer is a common cancer worldwide. Low rectal cancer exhibits a tendency for recurrence. Surgical resection is an important treatment for rectal cancer. Cylindrical abdominal-perineal resection is suitable for patients with low rectal cancer and has helped improve the prognosis of these patients. However, there are some difficulties during the operation. Especially the per...

Alimentary tract duplications are uncommon congenital abnormalities usually diagnosed and treated in childhood. Rectal involvement is extremely rare. We report the case of a 22-year-old female who presented with chronic abdominal and perianal pain; feeling of rectal fullness. Workup revealed a rectal duplication cyst. The patient underwent a complete transabdominal excision of the cyst: an hybr...