The object of this study is to improve the techniques for describing the lung dilution curve for shunt quantification by separating the effects of systemic recirculation on the curve form those of direct shunt return. The time of the systemic recirculation peak was estimated by determination of transit times from the right and left ventricles and lung. A gamma variate fit based on the distribut...

BACKGROUND Airborne nanoparticles from vehicle emissions have been associated with adverse effects in people with pulmonary and cardiovascular disease, and toxicologic studies have shown that nanoparticles can be more hazardous than their larger-scale counterparts. Recirculating air filtration in automobiles and houses may provide a low-cost solution to reducing exposures in many cases, thus re...

We describe a new focal ischemia model consisting of unilateral middle cerebral artery occlusion with a silicone rubber cylinder attached to a nylon surgical thread inserted through the internal carotid artery in rats. Recirculation was accomplished by pulling the thread out of the artery. We evaluated the reliability of this model and studied the influence of reperfusion of the brain by measur...

Flow patterns may affect the potential of thrombus formation following plaque rupture. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) were employed to assess hemodynamic conditions, and particularly flow recirculation and vortex formation in reconstructed arterial models associated with ST-elevation myocardial infraction (STEMI) or stable coronary stenosis (SCS) in the left anterior descending coronary art...

Particulates that deposit in the acinus region of the lung have the potential to migrate through the alveolar wall and into the blood stream. However, the fluid mechanics governing particle transport to the alveolar wall are not well understood. Many physiological conditions are suspected to influence particle deposition including morphometry of the acinus, expansion and contraction of the alve...

Atherosclerotic plaques develop at particular sites in the arterial tree, and this regional localisation depends largely on haemodynamic parameters (such as wall shear stress; WSS) as described in the literature. Plaque rupture can result in heart attack or stroke and hence understanding the development and vulnerability of atherosclerotic plaques is critically important. The purpose of this st...

The excess enthalpy flames and their dynamics below the flammability limit are studied by considering two flames that propagate in opposite directions in parallel channels. The model enables the coupling between the external heat loss, convection preheating, diffusion transport and finite rate chemistry. Analytical expressions for the flame temperature, separation distance, and extinction limit...