Since at least 1930, theorists working in moral philosophy and normativity more generally have recognized the importance of accounting for trade-offs in normative theories of what we ought to do.1 The most common way to do this is to appeal to contributory or pro tanto reasons. The thought is that the reasons for and against the options open to the agent interact and compete—in highly complex w...

abstract background: today, the rate of surgeries is increasing, but surgeries are canceled due to various reasons. unexpected cancellation of surgeries not only results in disorder in the operating room schedule, but also causes stress for patients and their family and increases costs. we determined the number and causes of surgery cancellations and areas for improvement. materials and methods...

it has been almost three centuries since conflict has arisen between chechnya and russia. since occupation of their country as a result of colonial wars, chechens have dreamed of gaining independence. to this end, they have always been involved in the fight and even resorted to violent actions that were harshly suppressed by the russians. the factor that distinguishes chechens from other russia...

Teachers’ sense of efficacy belief has been introduced as a context-specific construct, but the related literature is not clear on this specificity. This study was an attempt to show how contextual factors influence efficacy beliefs among English language teachers. To this end, thirty Iranian EFL teachers working in both school and private institute contexts were chosen as the participants to r...

aims: anemia occurs for different reasons. however the iron deficiency anemia (ida) is one of the most prevalent causes of anemia in all human communities. the goal of the present study was to assess the effect of serum ferritin deficiency on anemia in medical students. materials & methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on students of kashan university of medical sciences in all educ...

infection is one of the cardinal difficulties in the children with acute leukemia and is the leading cause of mortality among them. the prevalence of infection in these patients has several reasons including usage of cytotoxic agents, corticosteriods, broad consumption of antibiotics, duration of confinement in hospital, defective of cellular and humoral immunity, neutropenia and dysfunction of...

Results: In the present study, 27.7% from second year and 45.6% from third year PGs know the definition of research hypothesis, and this difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The difference in research practice of second and third year PG students was statistically significant for all parameters except presented poster or research paper in a conference and experience in writing r...

Recent decision-making research claims to establish that, in violation of Savage’s normative sure-thing principle, individuals often wait to acquire noninstrumental information and subsequently base their decisions upon this information. The current research suggests that characterizing individuals as pursuing noninstrumental or useless information may be overstated. Through a series of experim...

cooperation between companies in the supply chain of different industries is essential to achieve ultimate customer satisfaction, but according to several studies that have been conducted, many cooperation projects will not be successful. one of the most important reasons for this is the lack of attention to issues of cultural differences in the creation of partnerships between organizations. c...