Digital microfluidics based on sessile droplets has emerged as a promising technology for various applications including biochemical assays, clinical diagnostics, and drug screening. microfluidic platforms provide an isolated microenvironment to prevent cross-contamination require reduced sample volume. Despite these advantages, the droplet-based inherent limitation of quiescent flow conditions...

This paper describes a microfluidic chip for performing kinetic measurements with better than millisecond resolution. Rapid kinetic measurements in microfluidic systems are complicated by two problems: mixing is slow and dispersion is large. These problems also complicate biochemical assays performed in microfluidic chips. We have recently shown (Song, H.; Tice, J. D.; Ismagilov, R. F. Angew. C...

One of the main sources of errors in ellipsometry is inaccurate calibration; if the plane of incidence is not known correctly, all azimuthal angles of the optical components involved, such as the polarizer, the analyzer, and sometimes the compensator, contain errors. Thus calibration errors proliferate, leading ultimately to errors in the measured quantities A and *. Not withstanding the fact t...

The propagation of a range of tracer signals in a simple model of the deep western boundary current is examined. Analytical expressions are derived in certain limits for the transit-time distributions and the propagation times (tracer ages) of tracers with exponentially growing or periodic concentration histories at the boundary current’s origin. If mixing between the boundary current and the s...

We point out that the right-handed squark mixings can sizably enhance SUSY contributions to ∆Ms by taking into account renormalization group effects via the CKM matrix. The recent result of ∆Ms from the DØ experiment at the Tevatron thus implies a strong constraint on the right-handed mixings. Effects of the underlying physics at high energy scale are imprinted not only in flavor structures of ...

This paper concerns differential equations which contain strongly mixing random processes (processes for which the "past" and the "future" are asymptotically independent). When the "rate" of mixing is rapid relative to the rate of change of the solution process, information about the behavior of the solution is obtained. Roughly, the results fall into three categories: 1. Quite generally, the s...

We present a novel approach to detecting and utilizing symmetries in probabilistic graphical models with two main contributions. First, we present a scalable approach to computing generating sets of permutation groups representing the symmetries of graphical models. Second, we introduce orbital Markov chains, a novel family of Markov chains leveraging model symmetries to reduce mixing times. We...

This work reports on a simple system for quantitative sensing of a target analyte based on agglutination in microchannels. Functionalized microbeads and analyte with no prior incubation are flowed in droplets (~2μL) through a thin silicone tube filled with mineral oil at a flow rate of 150 μL/min. Hydrodynamic forces alone produce a highly efficient mixing of the beads within the droplet, witho...

We report the use of microfluidic rapid mixing using hydrodynamic flow focusing to control the self-assembly of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) that can be used for drug delivery. PLGA-PEG polymeric NPs and PLGA-lipid hybrid NPs were synthesized through nanoprecipitation—a process that involves dilution of a block copolymer from a solvent to an anti-solvent resulting in the precipitation of NPs. ...