Visual function is usually considered to be normal in papilledema. We report previously undescribed abnormalities in the electroretinograms (ERG) and visual evoked potentials (VEP) of two patients with chronic papilledema. The steady-state latencies of the ERG and VEP were calculated using time-difference analysis. The ERG was abnormal under both scotopic (slow) and photopic (fast) flicker cond...

The clinical features of 107 cases of children with hydrocephalus and measured raised intraventricular pressure were analysed retrospectively. Fifty one children had recently been diagnosed as having hydrocephalus, and the remainder had had shunts injected to direct the cerebrospinal fluid. The most common symptoms in the group were vomiting, behavioural changes, drowsiness, and headaches. The ...

In children with craniosynostosis, raised intracranial pressure (ICP) and upper airway obstruction (UAO) are both common features. However, potential interactions between UAO and ICP during sleep are poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to compare the levels of ICP during sleep between a group of patients with syndromic craniosynostosis (with facial involvement and consequent UAO...

The pathophysiological changes of progressive neonatal hydrocephalus include: increased intracranial volume of cerebrospinal fluid, progressive dilatation of cerebral ventricles, decreased intracranial compliance, raised intracranial pressure, alteration of cerebral circulation and subsequent secondary brain tissue damage (decreased cerebral blood flow, hypoperfusion, ischaemia), alteration of ...

A 72-year-man with previous lead poisoning presented with raised intracranial pressure and localizing neurologic signs. CT scans showed a high-grade glioma and extensive intracranial calcifications, which proved to be vascular in distribution on postmortem examination. The latter findings support the concept of dystrophic calcification following lead-induced cerebrovascular injury. Lead poisoni...

• Intracranial germinoma is the most common malignant intracranial germ cell tumor. It usually occurs in children and young adults and with the current therapies, many patients experience long-term survival. • Suprasellar region germinoma can present with isolated hypothalamic–pituitary axis dysfunction such as diabetes insipidus, delayed growth, menstrual irregularities, or precocious puberty,...

• Intracranial germinoma is the most common malignant intracranial germ cell tumor. It usually occurs in children and young adults and with the current therapies, many patients experience long-term survival. • Suprasellar region germinoma can present with isolated hypothalamic–pituitary axis dysfunction such as diabetes insipidus, delayed growth, menstrual irregularities, or precocious puberty,...

Multiple hydatid cysts of the brain are uncommon and may be either primary or secondary. A 15-year-old boy with a huge mass of intracranial hydatid cysts (95x85x80 mm) is presented. The first manifestation was headache and vomiting, which was followed by symptoms of raised intracranial pressure. The patient underwent an urgent operation due to rapidly deteriorating neurological status, and 19 h...

Dermoid cysts account for only a small fraction of intracranial masses, with extradural dermoid being considered much rarer entity than those located intradurally. Intracranial vary in clinical presentations: some maybe asymptomatic whilst others harbor features raised pressure, neurological deficits, or even aseptic meningitis. may also present cutaneous lesions. Herein, we report rare case 1-...