introduction natural and man made radioactive sources exist in our environment they can enter into our food chains. one of these is the soil-mushroom-human chain. high level doses of natural radiation can cause hazards to humans. materials and methods samples of agaricus bisporus cultivated edible mushroom in tehran province- iran were collected from 7 farms. specific activity of 226ra, 228ra, ...

In the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency resulting in an atmospheric release of radioactive materials, stationary gamma-measurements, for example obtained from distributed, automatic monitoring stations, may provide a first assessment of exposures resulting from airborne and deposited activity. Decisions on the introduction of countermeasures for the protection of the public can be b...

When delivered at a sufficient dose and dose rate to a neoplastic mass, radiation can kill tumor cells. Because cancer frequently presents as a disseminated disease, it is imperative to deliver cytotoxic radiation not only to the primary tumor but also to distant metastases, while reducing exposure of healthy organs as much as possible. Monoclonal antibodies and their fragments, labeled with th...

The combination of light and photosensitizers for phototherapeutic interventions, such as photodynamic therapy, has transformed medicine and biology. However, the shallow penetration of light into tissues and the reliance on tissue oxygenation to generate cytotoxic radicals have limited the method to superficial or endoscope-accessible lesions. Here we report a way to overcome these limitations...

Introduction Radioactive materials naturally exist in the world. Indeed, approximately 82% of human-absorbed radiation doses, which are out of human control, arise from natural sources of radiation including cosmic, terrestrial, and exposure through inhalation or ingestion. Thus, the aim of the present study was to estimate health risk, as well as the effective and organ doses from naturally oc...

Introduction Iron ore is one of the most important natural raw materials that is widely used for manufacturing iron and steel. This type of ore contains various amounts of radionuclides; thus, exposing workers handling their extraction, transportation, and processing to radiation. Materials and Methods In this study, 12 ore samples (each mass weighing about 2 kg) were collected from the iron or...

  Background: The sporadic cases of radiation-activated multiple sclerosis (MS) has been previously described, with a few studies focused on the relationship between radiation and the risk of MS. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between history of X-ray radiation and MS.   Methods : This case-control study was conducted on 150 individuals including 65 MS patients and 85 age-...

The Fukushima Dai-ichi Nuclear Power Plant accident resulted in a release of radionuclides to the environment and a wide range of radioactive contamination. The national government and local governments implemented urgent protective actions to reduce internal exposure from ingestion of food and tap water or inhalation of radionuclides after the accident. There has been some concern in evaluatin...

Although the development of radiolabeled antibodies for preclinical and clinical use in PET imaging continues to mature into a widespread technique (1–4), limitations still remain: namely space, in which the antigens to which our antibody is targeting are located (intracellularly or cell surface, bound or circulating), and time, the extended period after which the imaging must take place, to al...

INTRODUCTION Man’s exposure to natural radiation accounts for around 70% of the total dose received by the population. Most of this exposure is due to Rn, a member of the U decay series, which is produced by the direct decay of Rn. Being a noble gas, radon produced in the rock or soil matrix can easily diffuse to the water trapped in the pore spaces and migrate to ground water, where it may be ...