Fast Reaction Kinetics, Pulse Conductometry, Peroxyl Radicals, Radiation Chemistry The kinetics of the reactions of CO2 + OH -»HCO3 (i) and barbituric acid ^barbiturate anion -jH+ (ii) have been remeasured using as a new approach the pulse radiolysis technique with optical and conductivity detection. The rate constants obtained in the present study, ki (21 °C) = 6900 ± 700 M^s"1 and ku (19 °C) ...

Studied by Time-Resolved Resonance Raman Spectroscopy Combined with Pulse Radiolysis’” Jungkweon Choi,*,†,‡ Cheolhee Yang,‡,§ Mamoru Fujitsuka,† Sachiko Tojo,† Hyotcherl Ihee,‡,§ and Tetsuro Majima*,† †The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research (SANKEN), Osaka University, Mihogaoka 8-1, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan ‡Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic...

The surfaces of Jupiter’s moons are profoundly weathered by jovian charged particle and solar ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. Although early observations of the Galilean satellites suggested that their reflectance spectra were modified by energetic particles, it has only recently been shown quantitatively that radiolysis and photolysis, the chemical alteration of a surface by charge-particles and...

On time scales of a nanosecond or less, radiolytically-generated excess electrons in ionic liquids undergo solvation processes and reactions that determine all subsequent chemistry and the accumulation of radiolytic damage. Using picosecond pulse radiolysis detection methods, we observed and quantified the solvation response of the electron in 1-methyl-1-butyl-pyrrolidinium bis (trifluoromethyl...

Proton Hahn spin-echo n.m.r. spectroscopy was employed to detect abnormal metabolites present in rheumatoid synovial fluid that are derived from the deleterious generation of reactive oxygen radical species during exercise of the inflamed rheumatoid joint. A resonance attributable to a low-molecular-mass N-acetylglucosamine-containing oligosaccharide formed by the oxygen-radical-mediated depoly...

Quinazoline, quinoxaline and phthalazine are nitrogen containing heterocyclic aromatic molecules which belong to the class diazanaphthalenes. These isomers have low-lying nπ* and naphthalene-like ππ* states that interact via spin-orbit coupling. In this contribution, we study their structure and electronic states by means of a coupled-cluster method. The computed properties are compared to thos...

Current studies provide evidence that proteins are initial targets of ROS (reactive oxygen species) in biological systems and that the damaged proteins can in turn damage other cell constituents. This study was designed to test the possibility that protein radicals generated by ROS can oxidize GSH and assess the probability of this reaction in vivo by measurement of the rate constant of this re...

Azo dyes are produced in very large quantities and used as reactive dyes by the cotton industry. They are very stable and resistant to chemical processes. Therefore, their removal from industrial effluents by conventional methods (mechanical screening, sedimentation, biological treatment, biofilters) alone is usually not very effective. This problem can be solved by combining the conventional t...

Photosynthesis is a mechanism developed by terrestrial life to utilize the energy from photons of solar origin for biological use. Subsurface regions are isolated from the photosphere, and consequently are incapable of utilizing this energy. This opens up the opportunity for life to evolve alternative mechanisms for harvesting available energy. Bacterium Candidatus Desulforudis audaxviator, fou...

Thin films of ammonium perchlorate (NH4ClO4) were exposed to energetic electrons at 5.5 K to explore the radiolytic decomposition mechanisms. The effects of radiolysis were monitored on line and in situ via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) in the condensed phase along with electron impact ionization quadrupole mass spectrometry (EI-QMS) and single-photon photoionization reflectron...