BACKGROUND Recently, we characterized a Gamma Knife® radiation necrosis mouse model with various magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols to identify biomarkers useful in differentiation from tumors. Though the irradiation was focal to one hemisphere, a contralateral injury was observed that appeared to be localized in the white matter only. Interestingly, this injury was identifiable in T2-w...

Exposure of skin to solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces photo-damage. Ultraviolet B (UVB) is the major component of UV radiation which induces the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and plays an important role in photo-damage. Hydrogen gas reduces ROS and alleviates inflammation. In this study, we sought to demonstrate that hydrogen-rich saline has the effect on skin injuries caus...

Increasingly aggressive treatment protocols are being used in the hope of improving patient survival rates. These regimens, however, can lead to a wide spectrum of complications owing to the overlap between “effective” and “neurotoxic” doses of radiation. Differentiating tumor recurrence from treatmentinduced change is a clinical and radiological challenge. Researchers have suggested three mech...

PURPOSE There is an ongoing debate on the optimal sequence of radiation and breast reconstruction. The purpose of this article was to (a) assess the impact of radiation on autologous breast reconstruction and (b) analyze the best timing for autologous breast reconstruction in the setting of radiation in a Chinese population. METHODS A retrospective review of patients undergoing breast reconst...

The differentiation of progressive or recurrent brain tumor from radiation injury after radiotherapy is difficult using conventional MR imagings(MRI) [1]. Accurate diagnosis of tumor recurrent or radiation injury is critical to determining therapy [2]. Perfusion-sensitive contrast-enhanced MR imaging(PWI), which has made it possible to obtain measurements of vascularity within brain lesions, ma...

Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) provides excellent control in the treatment of brain metastases (BM). The use of newer, targeted and immunotherapy treatments have resulted in improved overall survival in patients even with an extensive metastatic disease. Hence, it is increasingly important to consider the potential for late toxicities like radiation-induced necrosis (RN) of the brain. We prese...

After nothing the rarity of papers describing the pathology of delayed radiation necrosis of the spinal cord, the clinical and pathological findings from four cases are presented. The main pathological features are asymmetric demyelination of the lateral columns and to a lesser degree the posterior and anterior columns of white matter, with coagulative necrosis at the level of irradiation which...

Detecting a new area of contrast-enhancement at MRI after irradiation of malignant brain tumor arises the problem of differential diagnosis between tumor recurrence and radiation necrosis induced by the treatment. The challenge for imaging is to distinguish the two diagnoses given: the prognostic and therapeutic issues. Various criteria have been proposed in the literature based on morphologica...

Ulcerative dermal necrosis (UDN), a chronic skin condition, affects primarily mature wild salmonids returning from the sea to freshwater for their spawning. The involvement of water moulds such as Saprolegnia parasitica secondary pathogen in this disease is clear but identification primary cause or pathogen(s) remains elusive. In opinion article, we re-visit UDN regarding epidemiology, patholog...