Refining some results of Dragomir, several new reverses of the generalized triangle inequality in inner product spaces are given. Among several results, we establish some reverses for the Schwarz inequality. In particular, it is proved that if a is a unit vector in a real or complex inner product space (H ;〈·,·〉), r,s > 0, p ∈ (0,s], D = {x ∈ H ,‖rx− sa‖ ≤ p}, x1,x2 ∈D−{0}, and αr,s = min{(r2‖x...

Abstract Researchers and practitioners alike have long debated the role of high GDP growth strategies social expenditures (SE) in ensuring a better distribution income reduction poverty. This study is aimed at investigating effectiveness by offering use robust methodology. Our sample consists 27 EU countries (further divided into pre- post-2000 members) between 2005 2017. We used panel data to ...

To understand the social driving forces that lead to environmental change, we must account for the role of social interactions, the development of norms of behavior and the institutionalization of rules and norms — the development of ‘social capital’. This paper demonstrates the utility of social capital theory by articulating linkages between human decision making at individual and collective ...

information and communication technologies are the most recent scientific achievements of mankind's ability seems to have much to offer society and are expected to be useful in solving the problems of human society. many around the world believe that accelerates the process of adjustment in the exchange of knowledge and information through information and communication technologies a vital role...

This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The bou...

This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank. The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The bou...

In s tandard models of opt imal de te r rence , which assume perfect in format ion on the par t of the social p lanner , fines domina te ja i l sentences as an ins t rument for pun ish ing crime. In the real world, however, pun i shmen t using prisons is quite common. This pape r provides an explanat ion for that empir ical observation. If cr iminals e i ther have private in format ion about th...

bourdieu had the help of two concepts of “habitus” and “field” to explain his theory and to show social distinctions, he argues that the social world is made up of different fields. each field has its own certain habitus and they can change depending on the field`s change. he believes that modern world is based on distinction. this distinction is clear in structural concepts such as space, clas...

We present an empirical analysis of the network formed by the trade relationships between all world countries, or World Trade Web (WTW). Each (directed) link is weighted by the amount of wealth flowing between two countries, and each country is characterized by the value of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP). By analysing a set of year-by-year data covering the time interval 1950–2000, we show th...