Inorganic copper is used as a broad-spectrum fungicide and bacteriocide on a variety of agricultural crops. After application, the copper residue typically accumulates in the upper 15 cm of soil. Data from the California Pesticide Use Reports were used to estimate the augmentation of copper in the soil that resulted from pesticide applications for the six years from 1993 to 1998 on 12 crops tha...

The oak (Quercus brantii Lindl.) semiarid forests of western Iran are among the oldest and host a remarkable diversity. However, originally high were largely converted to coppices submitted long history traditional management human disturbances. We investigated effect past forest structure on soil properties vegetation diversity two systems: coppice?with?standards stands abandoned after an inte...

In recent years, in addition to pollution from cars, factories and other polluting devices, the country of Iran has been destination dust that have entered Iraq Saudi Arabia caused climate. this research, wettability some native plants Zagros Mountains investigated experimentally by measuring contact angle. Sampling oak trees Quercus brantii Lindl. species was carried out around Khorramabad cit...

BACKGROUND Relapsing fever caused by Borrelia persica, is an acute tick-borne disease which is transmitted by soft ticks of Ornithodoros tholozani to human. METHODS Value of PCR and xenodiagnosis for detection of B. persica in O. tholozani ticks was compared. Sixty-four Borrelia-free ticks were fed on infected guinea pigs and used for the experiments. For xenodiagnosis, a group of 32 ticks in...

It has been known that Arak, Salvadora persica, has a number of medicinal properties. We tried to investigate in vitro scolicidal effect of root extracts of this plant against protoscolices from hydatid cysts of Echinococcus granulosus. Protoscolices were aseptically collected from sheep livers containing hydatid cysts. S. persica root extract was used in 10, 30, and 50 mg/ml concentration for ...