This paper analyzes the behavior of monopoly firm serving its products to two countries. The main focus of this paper is on how the product-quality choice in different markets are related with the cost structure of the firm. First, This paper examines the effects of production and R&D costs on the product quality separately, and then discusses the general case where the both costs exists. This ...

INTRODUCTION Psoriasis is a chronic disease, which contributes to the economic burden on health care. The distribution of psoriasis medication costs and the quality of life in these patients has been estimated to be around 20% of total costs. OBJECTIVES To estimate the economic distribution of medications and the impact of multiple treatment options on a patient's quality of life. MATERIALS...

OBJECTIVE The study objective was to compare total costs for hospital stay and postoperative recovery for 2 groups of women who underwent fast-track abdominal benign hysterectomy: 1 group under general anesthesia; 1 group under spinal anesthesia. Costs were evaluated in relation to health-related quality of life. STUDY DESIGN Costs of treatment were analyzed retrospectively with data from a r...

This article provides an overview of neonatal intensive care unit treatment costs for hospitals that participated in the Neonatal Intensive Care Quality Improvement Collaborative Year 2000 (NIC/Q 2000) quality improvement collaborative and discusses how economic information can be used in quality improvement efforts. Detailed information on neonatal intensive care unit treatment costs is presen...

conclusions the study showed that the costs associated with cardiovascular diseases were not reasonable for many of these patients and their families. this certainly requires more consideration by managers and policy makers in the health care sector and the implementation of effective interventions. results the study findings showed that the total cost of cardiovascular diseases was 13,074,700 ...

the impact of installing process control systems can be expected in terms of performance improvements through reduced operating costs.  since these installations impose considerable capital expenditure, the profitability of the new systems should be economically justified. controlled variable trend was reconstructed by a combination of simple waves, which provided a means to simulate the effect...

Objective: We sought to evaluate the clinical, economic, and humanistic burden of illness in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). Study Design: We performed a literature review. Methods: Our literature search, conducted between 1998 and 2009, included published studies that (1) considered the direct and indirect costs of PsA; reported measures of clinical burden, including mortality, physic...

Up until the 1990's, software quality was determined mostly by its functionality. But market competition and contractual obligations have forced today's software suppliers to enlarge their notion of quality beyond functionality, and to include such factors as user support, product evolution and quality of implementation. There are some up-front costs to adding quality to a software product that...

Individuals of different quality often differ in their helping behavior, but sometimes it is the high-quality individuals who help most (e.g., human meat sharing, vigilance) and other times it is the low-quality individuals (e.g., reproductive queues, primate grooming). We argue that these differences depend on individual differences in the performance costs of actually helping, the opportunity...