OBJECTIVES Lung cancer has been the most common cancer since 1985, accounting for 12-13 percent of cancer cases worldwide. Newer targeted therapies with potential increased survival benefits may not be affordable to patients. Many countries use arbitrary thresholds to determine whether a medical intervention is cost-effective. As such, many effective, albeit expensive, therapies are not being r...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Better selection of patients for intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (IV tPA) treatment may improve clinical outcomes. We examined the cost-effectiveness of adding penumbral-based MRI to usual computed tomography (CT)-based methods to identify patients for IV tPA treatment. METHODS A decision-analytic model estimated the lifetime costs and outcomes asso...

AIMS Whilst the CArdiac REsynchronization in Heart Failure (CARE-HF) trial has shown that cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) leads to reduced morbidity and mortality, the cost-effectiveness of this therapy remains uncertain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the incremental cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained and incremental cost per life year gained of CRT plus medical t...

BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested that recombinant human thyroid stimulating hormone (rhTSH) stimulation is an acceptable alternative to thyroid hormone withdrawal (THW) when radioiodine remnant ablation is planned for thyroid cancer treatment, based on superior short-term quality of life with non-inferior remnant ablation efficacy. This study evaluated the cost-effectiveness of radioi...

Economic evaluation in health care often involves cost-utility analysis (CUA), a method based on the cost-effectiveness criterion of dollars per Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY), where the quality adjustement factors for years lived in ill health are established through answers to standard-gamble questions. This paper shows that, contrary to a widely held notion, allocation of a fixed health c...

I this paper we develop a conceptual framework and model for valuing risks to an individual’s health and life and to support decision making about investments in health, quality of life, and safety. Our treatment of health risks in the model builds on the popular quality-adjusted-life-year (QALY) framework that balances health quality and length of life issues. We extend this framework to consi...

BACKGROUND This study compares differences in quality-adjusted life expectancy across the eight original National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) industry sectors. METHODS Data from the 1997 to 2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were used to estimate quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) for all workers and by NORA sector. Differences in QALYs were calculated and translated into e...

BACKGROUND The antiplatelet agent, cilostazol, is known to reduce the risk of subsequent cerebral infarction. However, the cost effectiveness of such treatment in comparison to aspirin has not been studied. METHODS AND RESULTS A Markov model was developed to calculate the health outcomes and associated costs for 65-year-old patients with cerebral infarction who were treated with 200 mg/day ci...

For economic and policy analyses requiring a summary health outcome measure that integrates quantity-of-life and quality-oflife impacts, the quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) has been widely recognized and endorsed [1–3]. The US Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine recommended the QALY for “reference case” analyses [2]. The UK National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence ...

OBJECTIVE The study reports the cost-effectiveness results of end-stage renal disease (ESDR) patients in Mexico in terms of years of life gained and quality of life and the economic cost with regards to three treatment alternatives that could be considered mutually exclusive: continuous peritoneal ambulatory dialysis (CAPD), hemodialysis (HD) and renal transplant (RT). METHOD The economic cos...