combustion flue gas desulfurization (FGD) using lime or limestone are the primary processes employed to reduce sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) emission from coal combustion. However, these processes generate voluminous solid wastes, i.e., pyrite and gypsum, that are usually landfilled, occupying thousands of acres of land and creating serious land and water pollution problems due to the release of acids...

Oxidation characteristics of natural pyrite were investigated in phosphoric acid solutions. Using hydrogen peroxide as an oxidant, the effect of particle size, reaction temperature, and hydrogen peroxide concentration were examined. The oxidation process can be described by the heterogeneous kinetic model in which the surface decomposition reaction is the rate-determining step. An activation en...

We have designed a novel semiconductor core/layer nanostructure of a uniform ZnO@TiO2 nanorod array modified with a ZnIn0.25Cu0.02S1.395 solid-solution on the surface via a facile hydrothermal synthesis. This novel nanostructure combines the merits of all components and meets the requirements of photovoltaic system application. An intimate PN heterojunction is formed from the ZnO@TiO2 nanorod a...

p-tert-Butylcalix[4]arene is a bowl-shaped molecule capable of forming a range of polynuclear metal clusters under different experimental conditions. p-tert-Butylcalix[8]arene (TBC[8]) is a significantly more flexible analogue that has previously been shown to form mono- and binuclear lanthanide (Ln) metal complexes. The latter (cluster) motif is commonly observed and involves the calixarene ad...

Stratabound deposits within late Carboniferous carbonate units in the Middle–Lower Yangtze River metallogenic belt are important copper producers in China. Hitherto, the genesis of these deposits has been debated, due to poor constraints regarding the timing and source of the mineralization. Proposed models include a late Carboniferous seafloor exhalative formation (SEDEX), or an Early Cretaceo...

Throughout the Late Neogene, the Black Sea experienced large paleoenvironmental changes, switching between (anoxic) marine conditions when connected to the Mediterranean Sea and (oxic) freshwater conditions at times of isolation. We create a magnetostratigraphic time frame for three sites drilled during Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) Leg 42B to the Black Sea (drilled in 1975). At the time, ma...

the cu, pb, zn, ag-au deposit of amensif is located on the northern flank of the western high atlas. this deposit is hosted in lower cambrian carbonate bars and is structurally controlled by ne-sw to e-w trending fault structures and is spatially associated with the permian 273 ma azegour granite. ore reserves are around 0.5 mt and grades are 3.21% zn, 0.58% pb, 0.86% cu with 83.31 ppm ag and 0...