The primo vascular system (PVS) in a lymph system was observed mostly in large caliber ducts around the caudal vena cava of rabbits, rats, and mice. This required a severe surgery with laparectomy and massive removal of fat tissues in the abdomen to expose the lymph vessel. In the current brief report, we presented a new method to evade these shortcomings by observing the PVS in a less large ca...

Brain death and the persistent vegetative state (PVS) share the following features: 1.) There is death of neurons in the brain; 2.) Both require an etiology which is capable of causing neuronal death. 3.) The potential for cognition is totally and permanently lost; 4.) Intensive medical support is usually withdrawn. In contrast, the diagnosis of brain death depends on death of the brainstem, wh...

A theory, called trs, for Term Rewriting Systems in the theorem Prover PVS is described. This theory is built on the PVS libraries for finite sequences and sets and a previously developed PVS theory named ars for Abstract Reduction Systems which was built on the PVS libraries for sets. Theories for dealing with the structure of terms, for replacements and substitutions jointly with ars allow fo...

Pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) post radiofrequency ablation for chronic atrial fibrillation poses a diagnostic challenge for the clinician. PVS presents with nonspecific symptoms, signs and radiographic features, and may be associated with significant pulmonary vascular involvement. Interestingly, others have described variation of the pulmonary artery wedge pressure between sites of the lung as...

The Semantic Web vision is being realized to reach the full potential of the Web. Semantic data modeling is the foundation of the Semantic Web. The Web Ontology Language (OWL) and OWL Rules Language (ORL) provides basic machinery to the semantic mark-up for data. However, there is limited tool support for OWL and no tool support currently for ORL. In this paper, we propose to model OWL and ORL ...

BACKGROUND Visualization of the inner anatomical relationship of the pulmonary veins (PVs) and left atrium (LA) is important for achieving a better success rate and avoiding complications in circumferential LA ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF). METHODS AND RESULTS Twelve patients with AF underwent computed tomography and novel post-processing images that emphasized the boundaries of the P...

the paradoxical “arousing” effect of Zolpidem, a highly selective nonbenzodiazepine gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonist acting on the [omega]-1 site of the GABA A receptor, in persistent vegetative state (PVS), in minimally conscious state (MCS) patients, ischemic stroke cases, after brain injury, and in patients suffering hypoxic encephalopathy.1 We describe here this paradoxical arousing e...

We describe a mechanism for theory interpretations in PVS. The mechanization makes it possible to show that one collection of theories is correctly interpreted by another collection of theories under a user-specified interpretation for the uninterpreted types and constants. A theory instance is generated and imported, while the axiom instances are generated as proof obligations to ensure that t...

Datatypes in PVS Sam Owre and Natarajan Shankar SRI International, Menlo Park, California National Aeronautics and Space Administration Langley Research Center Hampton, Virginia 23681-2199 November 1997 Prepared for Langley Research Center under contract NAS1-18969 The development of the initial version of PVS was funded by internal research funding from SRI International. More recent versions ...

Hoare triples (precondition, program, postcondition) have been incorporated in the veriication system PVS. Two approaches are presented: the conventional one, with a clear distinction between syntax and semantics, and another where programs are identiied with their semantics. In the last approach speciications are embedded in the semantic framework, leading to a formalism where speciications an...