BACKGROUND Alterations to pulmonary surfactant composition have been encountered in the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). However, only few data are available regarding the time-course and duration of surfactant changes in ARDS patients, although this information may largely influence the optimum design of clinical trials addressing surfactant replacement therapy. We therefore examine...

Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is associated with adverse neonatal survival and is estimated to impact between 0.4 and 5% of pregnancies worldwide. Here we show that maternal cholestasis (due to Abcb11 deficiency) produces neonatal death among all offspring within 24 h of birth due to atelectasis-producing pulmonary hypoxia, which recapitulates the neonatal respiratory distress of ...

A computer linked Doppler system was used to make continuous measurements of cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) from the middle cerebral artery, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) from the umbilical artery, and heart rate before, during, and for 20 minutes after the endotracheal administration of 200 mg/kg of porcine surfactant in 10 preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome. Within t...

We present mechanistic characterization of alternating current cloud point extraction (ACPE) in a microchannel. ACPE is our original technique for on-chip extraction and preconcentration of membrane-associated biomolecules [1]. Joule heating of nonionic surfactant micellar solutions plays an important role in ACPE, but temperature of solutions during the extraction has not been investigated. In...

Using molecular dynamics simulation, the effect of Pb surfactant for the thin film growth of Co atoms on Cu 111 substrate was investigated. Specifically, the behavior of Co atoms being deposited on Cu 111 substrate with predeposited Pb layer was extensively investigated and compared with the case of without Pb layer to explain the effect of Pb surfactant. It was observed that Pb layer was float...

BACKGROUND Surfactant replacement therapy is an established modality of treatment in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome. In addition, there are various neonatal respiratory disorders which are characterized by surfactant deficiency in which surfactant therapy can be a feasible and safe option. OBJECTIVE To collate the literature on the use of surfactant replacement therapy in...

BACKGROUND Pulmonary surfactant reduces surface tension and is present at the air-liquid interface in the alveoli where inhaled nanoparticles preferentially deposit. We investigated the effect of titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanosized particles (NSP) and microsized particles (MSP) on biophysical surfactant function after direct particle contact and after surface area cycling in vitro. In addition,...

A lamellar-structured crystalline polypyrrole (PPy) supramolecular assembly was prepared by surfactant templating, and the regularly linked amorphous PPy nanoparticles with tunable window sizes could play the role of crystalline lattices in the supramolecular assembly.

Hydrophilic surfactant proteins, surfactant protein A (SP-A) and surfactant protein D (SP-D), have impor¬ tant roles in modulating the host defense functions in the peripheral airways. It has been reported that cig¬ arette smoke may alter the component and function of pulmonary surfactant. In this study, we determined the contents of SP-A and SP-D in BAL fluids ofhealthy smokers and nonsmokers ...

The hydrophobic surfactant proteins B (SP-B) and C (SP-C) are tightly bound to phospholipids. These proteins play important roles in maintaining the surface tension-lowering properties of pulmonary surfactant. Surfactant protein A (SP-A) and D (SP-D) are extremely hydrophilic and are thought to have a role in recycling surfactant and especially in improving host defense in the lung. Moreover, S...