Glossary BAL – Bronchoalveolar Lavage BALF – Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid cfu – colony forming unit EIPH – Exercise-Induced Pulmonary Hemorrhage IAD – Inflammatory Airway Disease LRT – Lower Respiratory Tract LRTI – Lower Respiratory Tract Inflammation NIAD – Non-infectious Inflammatory Airway Disease PAM – Pulmonary Alveolar Macrophage RAO – Recurrent Airway Obstruction SAD – Small Airway Dise...

Giant precordial T wave inversion (GPTI) on ECG may be the result of several pathologies, including myocardial ischemia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary embolism, subarachnoid hemorrhage, apical hypertrophy, and postpacing. We describe a case of a 75-year-old woman who developed GPTI after an episode of gastroenteritis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of this ECG pattern associated with g...

OBJECTIVES We reviewed the management and outcome of patients experiencing pulmonary artery (PA) trauma during balloon dilation (BD). BACKGROUND Balloon dilation of the PA is important in the management of peripheral pulmonary stenosis. Successful BD requires a controlled tear of the PA; excessive tearing can produce complications ranging from pseudoaneurysms to rupture and death. The inciden...

Introduction: Spontaneous retroperitoneal hemorrhage from the use of enoxaparin is very rare but can be fatal. Although most cases are treated by conservative means, there may be a role for surgical intervention. Case report: We present the case of a 77-year-old man who developed a large retroperitoneal hemorrhage during treatment for pulmonary embolism and atrial flutter with enoxaparin in whi...

Neonates with severe but reversible pulmonary disease may require therapy beyond conventional ventilatory care. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) serves as a temporary artificial lung for such infants. Since anticoagulation with systemic heparin is required in the extracorporeal circuit, antecedent hemorrhage may be exacerbated or new hemorrhage precipitated in ECMO patients. While the...

Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage is a rare but serious pulmonary manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus that may occur at some point during the course of disease. Pleuropulmonary complication of SLE that ranges from pleuritic pain to catastrophic alveolar hemorrhage can occur during the course of illness in 50% to 70% of affected individuals. A high index of suspicion is needed in patients of...

Renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is a benign renal neoplasm with the exception of the rare epithelioid variant. AML may be sporadic or may be associated with tuberous sclerosis complex or pulmonary lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Risk of hemorrhage is the concern for patients with AML. Renal artery embolization (RAE) is the treatment of choice for acute hemorrhage from angiomyolipoma, and also firstline pr...

Hemodynamic changes and samples of fluid from pulmonary edema were studied in a 50-year-old woman who developed florid pulmonary edema following intracranial hemorrhage. Marked systemic and pulmonary arterial hypertension were associated with the rapid production of edema fluid that contained red blood cells, but had a lower protein content than plasma. After restoration of pulmonary vascular p...