Clearance of pulmonary edema fluid is accomplished by active ion transport, predominantly by the alveolar epithelium. Various ion pumps and channels on the surface of the alveolar epithelial cell generate an osmotic gradient across the epithelium, which in turn drives the movement of water out of the airspaces. Here, the mechanisms of alveolar ion and fluid clearance are reviewed. In addition, ...

objective(s):   recently, applications of mno2 nanoparticles and microparticles in industry, pharmacology, and medicine have considerably expanded. mn distribution and clearance from brain and spinal cord tissue compared with muscle tissue of rats after single subcutaneous injection of nanoparticles and microparticle of mno2. pain sensory threshold of rat was evaluated as neurologic consequence...

In patients with central lung cancer that extensively involves the bronchus/pulmonary artery, a double-sleeve lobectomy is often difficult to perform. We describe a case of post-pneumonectomy basal segmental auto-transplantation using a lung preservation technique that uses cold low-potassium dextran glucose solution to protect the lung graft from ischaemia-reperfusion injury during the ex situ...

UNLABELLED Currently, there is no low-molecular-weight agent for imaging of the pulmonary circulation. Adrenomedullin (AM) is a peptide predominantly cleared by the pulmonary circulation through specific endothelial receptors. We developed human AM derivatives radiolabeled with 99mTc and evaluated their biodistribution, plasma kinetics, and utility as pulmonary vascular imaging agents. METHOD...

BACKGROUND Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) is reported to have a salutary effect in endotoxin shock and sepsis. This investigation describes the effect of FDP on pulmonary and systemic hemodynamics, lung lymph protein clearance, and leukocyte count in sheep infused with Escherichia coli endotoxin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Anesthetized sheep (n = 18), some of which underwent thoracotomy to cannula...

Carbon nanotubes (CNT), with their applications in industry and medicine, may lead to new risks to human health. CNT induce a robust pulmonary inflammation and oxidative stress in rodents. Realistic exposures to CNT may occur in conjunction with other pathogenic impacts (microbial infections) and trigger enhanced responses. We evaluated interactions between pharyngeal aspiration of single-walle...

This case describes a young male with pleuro-pulmonary tuberculosis having one-week history of fever and hemoptysis along with a multiloculated right sided exudative lymphocytic pleural effusion. His pulmonary diagnostic confusion was due to passage of adult Ascaris lumbricoides per orally but that was found to be of intestinal origin. Pleural tissue histopathology revealed necrotizing granulom...

A cough is a respiratory reflex for mucus clearance. The airflow dynamics can be characterized by three parameters, which are peak flow rate (CPFR), velocity time (PVT), and expired volume (CEV). In this study, the three-dimensional human airways from generation 0 to 5 reconstructed computerized tomography images. non-Newtonian property of considered. airflow–mucus interaction phenomenon has be...

tendency to pulmonary collapse produced by oxygen breathing and acceleration combined. The second section considers problems of engineering space vehicles and space ecology or providing a satisfactory environment for man. As Konecci puts it, "Man is an essential part of space exploration; in fact, he is the reason for space exploration." Space ecology is really the crux of the whole thing. We c...

This study investigates Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-positive macrophages in early recognition and clearance of pulmonary bacteria. TLR4 is a trans-membrane receptor that is the primary recognition molecule for lipopolysaccharide of gram-negative bacteria. The TLR4(Lps-del) mouse strains C57BL10/ScN (B10) and STOCK Abb(tm1) TLR4(Lps-del) Slc11a1(s)(B10 x C2D) are susceptible to pulmonary infecti...