Various methods have been used to economically design wastewater and stormwater collection systems. In this article, Discrete Differential Dynamic Programming (DDDP) which is a subsection of dynamic programming (DP) was used. For each pipe network, various alternatives such as depth and slope of pipe laying and various diameters could be considered to satisfy hydraulic and engineering constrain...

Activated sludge treatment allows only for a partial removal of micropollutants, mainly via sorption and biological degradation. Ozonation and activated carbon filtration are processes bearing the potential to drastically reduce the micropollutant load discharged to the environment after (centralized) biological treatment. The estimated total costs between 0.05 and 0.20 euro per m3 treated wate...

This research undertaken at the University of Sheffield aims to provide a better understanding of the interaction above/below ground urban floods. A newly constructed unique experimental facility has been developed in the water lab, and it includes a sewer system, composed by 3 main pipes, 6 manholes and a CSO (Combined Sewer Overflow), and a preliminary urban surface with the slope 1/1000. Thi...

The new model ArcEGMO-URBAN aims at deterministic and spatiotemporal modelling of water, nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes from all urbanised areas of a river basin considering all potential sources. Pollution loads are calculated for discrete urban patches and balanced on the level of hydrological subbasins. Modelling results can be defined by the user of any level of spatial and/or temporal aggr...

Urban drainage networks (UDN) carry urban wastewater to wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in order to regenerate it before releasing it to the environment. Combined UDN (CUDN) carry both rain and wastewater together, which can overload the UDN and produce combined sewer overflows (CSO) that pollute the environment. Management of CUDN is receiving increasing attention from both researchers and ...

This paper deals with the global control of the Riera Blanca catchment in the Barcelona sewer network using a predictive optimal control approach. This catchment has been modelled using a conceptual modelling approach based on decomposing the catchments in subcatchments and representing them as virtual tanks. This conceptual modelling approach allows real-time model calibration and control of t...

Biogenic corrosion of sewers represents a cost of about 10% of total sewage treatment cost in Flanders (Belgium) and is further increasing. In the past, research has resulted in a number of prevention methods, such as injection of air, oxygen, H(2)O(2), NaClO, FeCl(3) and FeSO(4). The possibility of biological oxidation of sulfide using nitrate as the electron acceptor has also been explored in...

OBJECTIVES Sewer workers are used to unpleasant smells, but may be required to investigate unusual ones. Twenty six men were involved in investigation of episodes of such a smell after neighbourhood complaints over several weeks. METHODS Workers exposed to the smell were investigated by clinical follow up, lung function tests, and measurement of pituitary function. RESULTS 14 of the 26 deve...

Stratified Microbial Structure and Activity in Sulfideand 1 MethaneProducing Anaerobic Sewer Biofilms 2 3 Jing Sun, Shihu Hu, Keshab Raj Sharma, Bing-Jie Ni, Zhiguo Yuan* 4 5 1 Advanced Water Management Center, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, 4072, 6 Queensland, Australia; 7 2 CRC for Water Sensitive Cities, PO Box 8000, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia 8 9 *Corresponding author 10 E...