Objective: Like Iraq and neighboring countries, the Kurdistan region was affected by epidemic which gradually led to a lockdown in March April wide-spread disruption of people’s life activates. In this study, researcher investigated psychological hardiness its relation health awareness among citizens during Corona epidemic. Methods: This study followed cross-sectional design quantitative...

PURPOSE To evaluate the psychometric properties of the UK FIM + FAM. METHODS (a) A systematic literature review integrating the evidence for psychometric qualities of both the original and UK versions, and (b) exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of admission/discharge data from an inpatient general neuro-rehabilitation cohort using parametric and non-parametric techniques. A prospect...

BACKGROUND Nowadays, more and more clinical scales consisting in responses given by the patients to some items (Patient Reported Outcomes - PRO), are validated with models based on Item Response Theory, and more specifically, with a Rasch model. In the validation sample, presence of missing data is frequent. The aim of this paper is to compare sixteen methods for handling the missing data (main...

BACKGROUND The WOMAC is the most widely used self-report measure to evaluate physical functioning in hip or knee osteoarthritis, however its ability to discriminate pain and physical functioning (i.e. discriminate validity) has repeatedly been questioned. Little to no data is available on the discriminant validity of alternative questionnaires that measure the same construct, for instance the H...

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire designed to measure the impact of sleep impairment on emotional distress in patients with various sleep disorders. METHODS Five experts created an item data-bank pertaining to sleep-related psychological symptoms and somatic perceptions. Fifty patients in two focus groups examined each item for: a) word clarity (indi...

BACKGROUND The Worksite Health Promotion Capacity Instrument (WHPCI) was developed to assess two key factors for effective worksite health promotion: collective willingness and the systematic implementation of health promotion activities in companies. This study evaluates the diagnostic qualities of the WHPCI based on its subscales Health Promotion Willingness and Health Promotion Management, w...

background self-efficacy is an important predicator of coping with stress. objectives this study aimed to determine the psychometric characteristics of the coping self-efficacy (cse) scale among hiv-infected iranian patients. patients and methods psychometric properties of the cse scale were examined by using a cross-sectional study design. one hundred and twenty hiv-infected iranian patients t...

background and aim : self-administered questionnaires are clinically important to document how tinnitus affects the daily life of patients. in this regard, there is a need to have an alternative questionnaire that covers relevant aspects of tinnitus and related symptoms. the present study aimed to develop and validate a new tinnitus questionnaire known as tinnitus handicap que­stionnaire or bor...