After a new transformation procedure, 10% of Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells were found to contain transforming DNA sequences. We used direct transfer of plasmid molecules by fusing bacterial minicell protoplasts to yeast protoplasts. Since the procedure significantly reduces the toxic effect of procaryotic protoplasm on the eucaryotic organism, it might be generally applicable in other systems ...

Vacuoles isolated from pea (Pisum sativum), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) leaf protoplasts contained considerable activities of electrophoretically highly mobile exoamylases. Vacuoles from spinach (Spinacia oleracea) leaf and photoautotrophic Chenopodium rubrum suspension culture cell protoplasts were devoid of amylolytic activity. Endoamylase activity was in all cases associated primarily with...

This protocol describes how to transform moss (Physcomitrella patens) protoplasts using polyethylene glycol (PEG)-mediated DNA uptake. The transformation rates for direct uptake by protoplasts of DNA with and without genomic sequence (a targeting construct) are typically 10 and 10, respectively. (These are the frequencies of stable transformants among regenerants surviving the transformation pr...

A preceding article (Lederberg, 1956a) was devoted to the evolution of protoplasts from growing cells of Escherichia coli treated with penicillin. Further studies have strengthened the correspondence of these protoplasts with the "large bodies" and "L forms" described for many other bacteria. This paper will give an account of these studies, and an interpretation of others, in support of the hy...

Abstract Genetic manipulation of Haematococcus pluvialis is difficult because the lack a stable and convenient transformation system. The pH124-EGFP-Ble vector containing ble as selective gene EGFP reporter was constructed employed for effective transformation. H. protoplasts were obtained by treating with cellulase macerozeme. Then polyethylene glycol-mediated established incubating protoplast...

in this study, mutant forms of bacillus thuringiensis spp. israelensis (h14) were produced. these mutants were identified when the cells were cultured on chloramphenicol plates and stained with crystal violet. protoplasts of the mutants were isolated by enzymatic digestion (lysozyme) of the cell walls at the presence of an osmotic stabilizer. the protoplasts were induced to fuse to each other i...

the use of in vitro potato shoot cultures for protoplast isolation is desirable for consistent protoplast qualities. ethylene build-up in the culture vessels causes problems for leaf growth (e.g. decreasing leaf surface, dry weight and chlorophyll) in shoot culture. fifty to one hundred µm silver thiosulfate (sts) produced a larger leaf area as a source of plant material for protoplast isolatio...

THE VACUOLE is a compartment within sugarcane cells in which most of the sucrose is stored. Despite its importance, the sugarcane vacuole is not well understood, because it has been very difficult to examine from sucroseaccumulating stem cells. It is only separated from other cell components by a single membrane which is generally broken during attempts to isolate the vacuole for study. One new...

Treatment of living protoplasts from the Avenia coleoptile with enzymes and chemicals has provided new information about the external surface of the plasma membrane. Treatments with selected detergents and polyene antibiotics indicate that little sterol is present. The lysis of protoplasts in carboxymethyl-RNase which is enzymatically almost inactive provides strong evidence that the lysis prev...

Treatment of living protoplasts from the Avenia coleoptile with enzymes and chemicals has provided new information about the external surface of the plasma membrane. Treatments with selected detergents and polyene antibiotics indicate that little sterol is present. The lysis of protoplasts in carboxymethyl-RNase which is enzymatically almost inactive provides strong evidence that the lysis prev...