background: the b-cell defect in x-linked agammaglobulinemia (xla) is caused by mutations in the gene for bruton's tyrosine kinase (btk). btk mutations result in deficient expression of btk protein in peripheral blood monocytes. methods: using the anti-btk monoclonal antibody (48-2h), a flow cytometric analysis of intra cytoplasmic btk protein expression in monocytes was performed to ident...

The Acehnese mahseer, locally known as keureling, Tor tambra is one of the highest economically valued freshwater fishes found in Aceh waters. The culture of T. tambra was initiated in Aceh Province, Indonesia more than five years ago. However, the growth rate in captivity has been low, probably due to feeding problems. Hence, the objective of the present study was to evaluate the optimum level...

fusion of two genes at dna level produces a single protein, known as a chimeric protein. immunotoxins are chimeric proteins composed of specific cell targeting and cell killing moieties. bacterial or plant toxins are commonly used as the killing moieties of the chimeric immunotoxins. in this investigation, the catalytic domain of shiga-like toxin (a1) was fused to human granulocyte macrophage c...

background:the zinc-finger x linked (zfx) gene encodes a transcription factor that acts as a regulator of self-renewal of stem cells. due to the role of zfx in cell growth, understanding zfx protein-protein interactions helps to clarify its proper biological functions in signaling pathways. the aim of this study is to define zfx protein-protein interactions and the role of zfx in cell growth. m...

A completely randomized design, with 3×3 factorial arrangement, was conducted to test various ratios of dietary protein to energy (P/E) for rainbow trout, reared in brackish water. Three crude protein levels (35, 40 and 45%) and three energy levels (370, 400 and 430 Kcal/100g) at each protein level were utilized. Semi-purified diet containing fish meal, casein and gelatin as the sources o...

objective(s):antibodies against actin, as one of the most widely studied structural and multifunctional housekeeping proteins in eukaryotic cells, are used as internal loading controls in western blot analyses. the aim of this study was to produce polyclonal antibody against a synthetic peptide derived from n-terminal region of β-actin protein to be used as a protein loading control in western ...

objective(s):alzheimer's disease (ad) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. one of the hallmarks of ad is an abnormal accumulation of fibril forms of tau protein which is known as a microtubule associated protein. in this regard, inhibition of tau aggregation has been documented to be a potent therapeutic approach in ad and tauopathies. unfortunately, the available syn...

A completely randomized design, with 3×3 factorial arrangement, was conducted to test various ratios of dietary protein to energy (P/E) for rainbow trout, reared in brackish water. Three crude protein levels (35, 40 and 45%) and three energy levels (370, 400 and 430 Kcal/100g) at each protein level were utilized. Semi-purified diet containing fish meal, casein and gelatin as the sources of prot...

Objective(s): Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is known as the most common bacterial causes of diarrheal diseases related to morbidity and mortality. Heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) is a part of major virulence factors in ETEC pathogenesis. Antigen entrapment into nanoparticles (NPs) can protect them and enhance their immunogenicity.Materials and Methods: In the present study, recombinant L...