BACKGROUND Heavy metals (HMs) are environmental contaminants with toxic properties for wildlife and humans. The placenta is a privileged organ that, along with the fetal membranes and amniotic fluid, enables growth and development of the fetus during the physiological pregnancy. It also acts as a filter reducing the passage of harmful substances, protecting the embryo and then the fetus from ex...

263K is the most widely used strain of agent in scrapie research because it produces very short incubation periods in golden hamsters and exceptionally high infectivity titres in clinically affected brain. 263K is also remarkable in having a very low pathogenicity for mice. Evidence is presented that 263K originated as a mutant that was strongly selected on passage in hamsters. Seven new passag...

Background and Aims: Several drugs are being used in treatment of HSV infection in human but still introducing an effective safe drug is desirable. Methods: We investigated the inhibitory effect of morphine on replication of HSV in vitro. Results: The results indicated that a concentration of up to 200 ug/ml morphine had a limited effect on Vero cell viability. At this concentration the growt...

rural tourism is one of the factures of industrial tourism that due to existing natural and culture of the zone villages it can have an important role on the reviving of the villages and by creating now occupations for the villages and by protecting natural, cultural and historical heritage of the zone and finally providing these village with a constant development ,they can a better income too...

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), including scrapie in sheep (Ovis aries), are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the misfolding of the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) into a â-rich conformer (PrP(Sc)) that accumulates into higher-order structures in the brain and other tissues. Distinct strains of TSEs exist, characterized by different pathologic profiles upon passage i...

Oxygenation of tumors weakens the tumor-protecting immunosuppressive signaling by A2A adenosine receptors in hypoxic and extracellular adenosine-rich microenvironments. This, in turn, unleashes the otherwise inhibited tumor-reactive T and natural killer (NK) cells. Oxygenation of tumors thus emerges as a novel checkpoint inhibitor of potential therapeutic value, but only in combination with can...

Female genital mutilation, also known as female genital cutting, is a deeply rooted cultural practice in more than 28 African countries, parts of the middle east, and pockets of Asia. Annually, an estimated 2 million girls come of age in such areas.1 Support for the practice in communities is broad-based. Mothers, mothers-in-law, fathers, and religious and community leaders defend the practice ...

One of the causes of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is increased reabsorption of bilirubin from meconium in the gastrointestinal tract. This occurs when the conjugated bilirubin which is excreted into the colon is 'unconjugated by beta glucuronidase activity, present in the neonatal intestine, which hydrolyzes bilirubin diglucuronide into unconjugated bilirubin, which subsequently is reabsorbe...