background and aims: prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men worldwide in men. matrix metalloproteinase 2 (mmp2) has a role in the invasion and destruction of the basement membrane and the extra-cellular matrix and facilitating the process of tumor cell invasion. the present study was conducted to compare the expression of mmp2 gene in prostate cancer (pca) and benign prostatic ...

BACKGROUND Female urethral carcinoma is a very rare disease that accounts for 0.02% of malignant diseases in female patients. CASE PRESENTATION A 70-year-old Asian Japanese woman with a urethral tumor was referred to our hospital to undergo further examination. Biopsy specimens showed urethral adenocarcinoma that was positive for prostate-specific antigen. Her serum prostate-specific antigen ...

The contributions of Stamey in the area of prostate cancer diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment and in the prostatespecific antigen (PSA) literature are numerous and noteworthy.’ His accompanying Opinion article [1] deals with aspects of analytical performance as well as clinical interpretations of PSA assays and raises concern that clinicians may be misled by recently published data. We agree ...

Variation Among Primary Care Physicians in Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening of OlderMen Noorganization recommends prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening inmenolder than75years.Nevertheless, testingrates remain high.1,2 We hypothesized that primary care physicians (PCPs) would vary substantially in PSA screening rates and that much of the variance in whether an older man received a PSA tes...

BACKGROUND The total prostate-specific antigen (t-PSA) in serum measured by PSA assays represents the sum of free (f-PSA) and PSA complexed with alpha 1-antichymotrypsin. The f-PSA/t-PSA (F/T) ratio in prostate cancer (PCA) patients is lower than in patients suffering from benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). This review summarizes the current literature on the clinical relevance of measurement ...

Since from its clinical introduction to the present time, measurement of serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) level is one of the most widely used tests in urology practice. Initially, the upper limit for PSA was 4 ng/mL, but today, a reduction for the upper limit is recommended to 2.5-3 ng/mL for patients between 60 and 65 years of age and younger. On the use of PSA as a screening test for pr...