BACKGROUND This report describes a closed-loop titration of propofol target control infusion based on a proportional-differential algorithm guided by the Bispectral Index (BIS) allowing induction and maintenance of general anesthesia and compares this to manual propofol target control infusion. METHODS One hundred sixty-four patients scheduled to undergo elective minor or major surgery were p...

Urine discoloration occurs in the intensive care unit (ICU) due to many causes such as medications, metabolic disorders, and infections. Propofol is advocated as one of the first line sedatives in the ICU, but it is not well known to the intensivists that propofol can induce urine color change. We experienced two cases of green urine after propofol infusion. Propofol should be warranted as the ...

This study was undertaken to clarify the effects of propofol on endotoxin-induced acute lung injury. Rabbits were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Each group received intravenous infusion of saline only, saline and Escherichia coli endotoxin, propofol (1 mg/kg bolus, then 5 mg/kg/hr) and endotoxin, or propofol (4 mg/kg bolus, then 20 mg/kg/hr) and endotoxin respectively. Infusion of sal...

PURPOSE The purpose of this randomized, double-blind study was to evaluate the efficacy of midazolam and propofol for postoperative sedation and early extubation following cardiac surgery. METHODS ASA physical status II-III patients scheduled to undergo elective first-time cardiac surgery with an ejection fraction > 45% were eligible. All patients received a standardized sufentanil/isoflurane...

BACKGROUND I.V. lidocaine reduces volatile anaesthetics requirements during surgery. We hypothesized that lidocaine would also reduce propofol requirements during i.v. anaesthesia. METHODS A randomized controlled study of 40 patients tested the effect of i.v. lidocaine (1.5 mg kg(-1) then 2 mg kg(-1) h(-1)) on propofol requirements. Anaesthesia was maintained with remifentanil and propofol ta...

We have studied the effects of graded infusion rates of propofol (0.2-0.5 mg kg-1 min-1) on left ventricular global and regional function, in eight acutely instrumented dogs. Global function was assessed by measurement of aortic and left ventricular pressure, LV dP/dtmax, aortic blood acceleration and stroke volume. Regional function was assessed by measurement of systolic shortening and the en...

We report a case of 73-year-old man who developed nonconvulsive status epilepticus as complication cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy for artery stenosis. On postoperative day 1, the patient experienced headaches and vomiting. Resting N-isopropyl-p-[123I] iodoamphetamine single-photon emission computed tomography showed increased blood flow to entire right hemisphere,...

read with great interest the case report by Lee et al. [1], of the anesthetic management of an infant with osteogenesis im-perfecta (OI) and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis, who was undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). This case was indeed challenging, but we would like to add the following comments. First, OI is only weakly associated with malignant hyperther-mia, i...

BACKGROUND Propofol is mainly metabolized in the liver, but extrahepatic clearance may also be important since systemic propofol clearance exceeds hepatic clearance. Recent reports suggest that the kidneys contribute to propofol elimination in humans and here we investigated renal elimination of propofol in a controlled animal study. METHODS Seventeen swine were anaesthetized with 5% isoflura...