To evaluate the potential utility of pretreatment of raw biomass with a complex microbial system, we investigated the degradation of rice straw by BMC-9, a lignocellulose decomposition strain obtained from a biogas slurry compost environment. The degradation characteristics and corresponding changes in the bacterial community were assessed. The results showed that rapid degradation occurred fro...

Background: Enterococci are used in a large number of dairy products, such as starter cultures in food supplements and in foods considered functional. In vitro gut fermentation models present an unmatched opportunity of performing studies frequently allenged in humans and animals owing to ethical concerns. A dynamic model of the human intestinal microbial ecosystem (SHIME) was designed to bette...

Since acetic acid inhibits the growth and fermentation ability of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, it is one of the practical hindrances to the efficient production of bioethanol from a lignocellulosic biomass. Although extensive information is available on yeast response to acetic acid stress, the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and unfolded protein response (UPR) has not been addressed. We...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium diacetate (SDA) on fermentation profile, chemical composition and aerobic stability of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) silage. METHODS Fresh alfalfa was ensiled with various concentrations of SDA (0, 3, 5, 7, and 9 g/kg of fresh forage). After 60 days of the ensiling, the samples were collected to examine the fermentative...

This experiment investigated the effect of intraruminal infusion of propionic acid on the net flux of nitrogenous compounds across the mesenteric- (MDV) and portal-(PDV) drained viscera of seven Friesian steers, average BW 127 kg (SEM 4.6), fed a grass-pellet diet. Each received by random allocation 0 (control), .5, or 1.0 mol of propionic acid/d for 7 d. Blood flow in mesenteric and portal vei...

In this study, anaerobic acidification of sugar beet processing wastes and subsequent liquid-liquid extraction of produced fermentation metabolites were investigated. The aim of extraction experiments was to asses the influence of pH and extractant (trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in kerosene) concentrations on the recovery of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) from fermentation broth. The effect of TO...

Two pathways have been postulated for the conversion of propionic acid to pyruvic acid by liver mitochondria. Mahler and Huennekens (1953) suggested that propionic acid was oxidized to acrylic acid which was converted to pyruvic acid through Land D-lactic acids. The alternative pathway involves a direct carboxylation of propionic acid to succinic acid (Lardy and Adler, 1956; Flavin et al., 1955...

Acidogenic fermentation of wastes produces volatile fatty acid (VFA)-rich streams that can be used as low-cost carbon sources for polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) production. In this study, an inoculum collected from anaerobic reactor a municipal WWTP was conditioned to suppress methanogenic activity. The heat-shock conditioning method the proved more efficient than and alkaline methods methanogens i...

Carboxylic acids are central compounds in cellular metabolism, and in the carbon cycle in nature. Carbon dioxide is captured from the atmosphere and enters living cells through the formation of carboxylic groups, and it is released from living cells by the decarboxylation of carboxylic acids. The aerobic extraction of free energy from sugars in cellular respiration hinges on the ingeniously des...

High Methoxy Pectin (HMP), Sugar Beet Pectin (SBP), Soy Pectin (SOY), and Fructooligosaccharide (FOS, as a positive control) were used to determine fermentation properties considering applicability as functional foods, particularly related to colon health. Certain beneficial effects of carbohydrates in humans can be postulated as being due to microorganisms and metabolites (short-chain fatty ac...