BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes and one of the major causes of adult visual impairment in national surveys in Taiwan. This study aimed to identify the healthcare costs of Taiwan's National Health Insurance program on behalf of diabetic patients with stable or progressive retinopathy. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was con...

BACKGROUND Diabetic retinopathy (DRP) is a common microvascular complication seen in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). The effects of T1DM and concomitant (proliferative) DRP on retinal blood flow are currently unclear. Therefore, we measured retinal vascular blood flow in T1DM patients with and without DRP and non-diabetic controls. We further assessed the acute effects of panreti...

Telomere regression has been shown to be associated with several complex disorders like diabetes mellitus, cancer, cataract etc. Diabetic retinopathy develops as a complication of chronic hyperglycemia leading to increased oxidative stress that may potentially lead to shortening of telomeres. We sought to determine whether there is any association between telomere mean length (TML) of periphera...

Aim. To evaluate pathophysiological mechanisms in diabetic retinopathy.Material and methods. Factors of retinopathy pathogenesis, scientific reviews.Results. The evaluation found that early stages are characterized by histopathological changes, which include loss pericytes, basement membrane thickening, haemodynamic alterations leading to reduced vascular integrity. later complications, visual ...

The global prevalence of diabetes is estimated to be 336 million people, with diabetic complications contributing to significant worldwide morbidity and mortality. Diabetic retinopathy results from cumulative microvascular damage to the retina and inflammation is recognized as a critical driver of this disease process. This paper outlines the pathophysiology leading to proliferative diabetic re...

BACKGROUND/AIM Angiopoietin 1 and 2 interact with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to promote angiogenesis in animal and in vitro models. Although VEGF concentrations are elevated, there is little information regarding angiopoietin concentration in the vitreous of patients with diabetic retinopathy. METHODS Angiopoietin concentrations were measured by luminescence immunoassay in vitr...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in Samoa by piloting a retinal photography screening programme. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study of patients with diabetes who presented to the Tupua Tamasese Meaole eye clinic in Apia, Samoa, between May 2011 and September 2011. Study approval was granted by the National Health Service ...

R andomized controlled clinical trials provide evidence that intense glucose and blood pressure control result in a reduction in the incidence and progression of retinopathy and visual loss in people with diabetes (1–4). In the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) (1), intensive insulin treatment was found to reduce the risk of retinopathy progression in people with type 1 diabetes b...

tissues in the eye may also be affected. Diabetic retinopathy can be nonproliferative or proliferative. The nonproliferative type is associated with micro aneurysms, hemorrhages, diabetic macular edema (DME), and hard exudates. The proliferative type is characterized by new blood vessel formation and fibrous tractional bands that are formed from the optic disc. Conventional treatment targets gl...

Advanced diabetic retinopathy with vitreous hemorrhage or tractional retinal detachment (TDR) is an important cause of severe visual loss in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), frequently representing an indication for pars plana vitrectomy in diabetic patients. In these cases, surgery is not free from complications such as intraoperative vitreous hemorrhage and retinal rupt...