The most exploited and widely used fungal biocontrol agents in agriculture for the management of plant diseases caused by a wide spectrum of fungal pathogens (Sharma et al., 2014). Trichoderma is among the most exploited fungal biocontrol agents in agriculture for the management of plant diseases caused by a wide spectrum of fungal pathogens (Mathivanan et al., 2000). Production of extracellula...

BACKGROUND Our dependence on fossil fuel sources and concern about the environment has generated a worldwide interest in establishing new sources of fuel and energy. Thus, the use of ethanol as a fuel is advantageous because it is an inexhaustible energy source and has minimal environmental impact. Currently, Brazil is the world's second largest producer of ethanol, which is produced from sugar...

White-rot basidiomycetes are the only microorganisms with ability to produce both hydrolytic (cellulases and hemicellulases) oxidative (ligninolytic) enzymes for degrading cellulose/hemicellulose lignin. In addition, they biologically active natural products important application in cosmetic formulations, either as pure compounds or standardized extracts. present work, three wild strains of Bas...

Paenibacillus polymyxa E681, a spore-forming, low-G+C, Gram-positive bacterium isolated from the rhizosphere of winter barley grown in South Korea, has great potential for agricultural applications due to its ability to promote plant growth and suppress plant diseases. Here we present the complete genome sequence of P. polymyxa E681. Its 5.4-Mb genome encodes functions specialized to the plant-...

A method, so called "active hydrogen bond network" (AHBN), is proposed for site-directed mutations of hydrolytic enzymes. In an enzyme the AHBN consists of the active residues, functional residues, and conservative water molecules, which are connected by hydrogen bonds, forming a three dimensional network. In the catalysis hydrolytic reactions of hydrolytic enzymes AHBN is responsible for the t...

The progressive substitution of petroleum-based polymers, such as polyethylene, polyvinylchloride, or polyethylene terephtalate, by so-called bioplastics facilitated the development and production many new materials. continuously refined properties bioplastic compounds their blends enable various applications. With growing utilization products, these materials are increasingly discarded into en...

Abstract Xylose is an abundant bioresource for obtaining diverse chemicals and added-value products. The production of xylose from green alternatives like enzymatic hydrolysis important step in a biorefinery context. This research evaluated the synergism among four classes hydrolytic purified enzymes—endo-1,4-?-xylanase, ?- l -arabinofuranosidase, ?-xylosidase, d -glucuronidase—over glucuronoar...

The hydrolase content of vacuoles isolated from protoplasts of suspension-cultured tobacco cells, of tulip petals, and of pineapple leaves, and the sedimentation behavior of tobacco tonoplasts were studied. Three precautions were found to be important for the analysis of vacuolar hydrolases and of the tonoplast. (a) Purification of protoplasts in a Ficoll gradient was necessary to remove cell d...