In 2005, over 2 million U.S. residents were in prisons or jails. The incarceration rate, 737 of every 100,000 U.S. residents, was over five times the rate among European Community nations. Moreover, the current high incarceration rate and the increases over the past 30 years represent a significant departure from the incarceration levels that characterized much of the 20th century. For example,...

This bulletin discusses the policy and ethical implications raised by legally coercing drug offenders into drug treatment in the community and providing compulsory treatment within the prison system. The bulletin briefly summarises the case for legally coerced drug treatment, describes the different approaches that have been used to implement it, discusses the ethical issues raised by different...

The views expressed in the paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of either the Federal Bureau of Prisons or the US Department of Justice.

BACKGROUND Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) are a unique group that are often overlooked in many developing countries due to systemic weaknesses, lack of political commitment and inadequate support from government and non-governmental agencies. The population of these individuals is however steadily on the increase and currently corresponds to 15 % of the world population. Although much data ex...

Hepatitis C virus (HCv) is inCreasingly a serious health issue for people living with HIV in the developed world, where more than 30% of HIV-positive individuals are also estimated to be infected with HCV. Untreated, HIV/HCV co-infection accelerates the progression to cirrhosis and its many complications. Unfortunately, the treatment of HCV in the setting of HIV is also associated with lower re...