BACKGROUND Malawi is making good progress scaling up antiretroviral therapy (ART), but we do not know the levels of access of high-risk, disadvantaged groups such as prisoners. The aim of this study was to measure access and treatment outcomes of prisoners on ART at the national level. METHODOLOGY A retrospective cohort study was conducted examining patient follow-up records from all 103 publ...

Women entering prison report high rates of childhood victimization. Women in prison also report higher rates of nonfatal suicidal behavior (self-reported suicide attempts) than women in the general population and similar rates to their male counterparts despite having significantly lower suicide rates than males in the general population. Yet, there is a dearth of research that addresses the re...

The paper explores the connection between short-range social ties (i.e. links with close relatives) and the occurrence of suicide. The objective is to discriminate between a model based on social ties and a model based on psychological traumas. Our methodological strategy is to focus on instances characterized by the severance of some social ties. We consider several situations of this kind. (i...

OBJECTIVE Released prisoners have high suicide rates compared with the general population, but little is known about risk factors and possible causal pathways. We conducted a population-based cohort study to investigate rates and risk factors for suicide in people previously imprisoned. METHOD We identified individuals released from prison in Sweden between January 1, 2005, and December 31, 2...

This Article addresses the problems with our nation's cultural and legal prohibitions against certain pain management treatments. The practice of pain management has not kept pace with the many medical advances that have made it possible for physicians to ameliorate most pain. The Author notes that some patients are denied access to certain forms of treatments due to the mistaken belief that ad...

Background: Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infection and its co-infection with HIV or HBV is associated with an accelerated course of the disease and may result in more rapid progression of either or both, but knowledge on these dynamics in the imprisoned is scarce particularly in the developing world. Hence in this study we evaluated the prevalence of HCV infection and its associated co-infections wi...

BACKGROUND Foreign objects in the gastrointestinal tract are usually the result of accidental swallowing. Yet foreign object ingestion is often seen in prisoners who mainly desire to leave prison. We report here on a series of 33 Korean prisoners with foreign object ingestion and they were treated endoscopically or surgically. METHODS We reviewed the medical records of 33 Korean prisoners (52...

INTRODUCTION The association between incarceration and weight gain, along with the public health impact of former prisoners who are overweight or obese, warrants more investigation to understand the impact of prison life. Studies regarding incarceration's impact on obesity are too few to support assertions that prisons contribute to obesity and comorbid conditions. This study examined a statewi...

introduction: though incarcerated populations are at a high risk of developing hepatitis c virus (hcv) infection, prisoners are not routinely screened for hcv infection. approximately, 1 in 4 of the nearly 2 million prisoners in the u.s. is infected with hcv. injection drug abusers are currently the main risk group. among intravenous drug abusers over the world, the prevalence of hcv varies fro...